A psychologist determined the effect of instructions on the time required by subjects to solve the same puzzle. For two independent samples of ten subjects per group, mean solution times, in minutes, were longer for subjects given "difficult" instructions ( X=15.8, s = 8.64) than for subjects given "easy" instructions ( X=9.0, s = 5.01). A t ratio of 2.15 led to the rejection of the null hypothesis.

A. Given a standard deviation, sp, of 7.06, calculate the value of the standardized effect size, d.

B. Indicate how these results might be described in the literature.