A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 30.6. Random sampling of 52 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 39.5 and a standard deviation of 6.6. (Use these numbers only for this question!) What are the degrees of freedom? (numeric value only)