A psychologist is preparing stimuli for an experiment on the effects of watching violent cartoons on the play behavior of children. Two judges, one male and one female rated each of six cartoons segments for violent content. The rating varied from 0 (peaceful) to 10 (extremely violent). Test to see if there is a significant tendency for one of the judges to give higher ratings. Use alpha = .05.

Male rater Female rater D___ D²

2 4 2

1 3 2

8 7 -1

1 2 1

2 5 3

3 7 4 ____

D= 9 D²=

What type of t-test should you use? One-tailed or two-tailed ?

What is the dependent variable and the independent variable