A recent study reported that 13.5% of Swedish people and 22% of Irish people can taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC). The ability to taste this compound is an inherited trait. Choose the appropriate hypotheses to test if a significantly lower proportion of Swedish people (s) compared with Irish people (i) can taste PTC.

A clinical trial for a new drug to treat ADHD reported that side effects were experienced by 19% of patients taking the drug and by 16% of patients taking the placebo. Do a significantly different proportion of patients experience side effects due to the new drug compared with the placebo? Using a calculated test statistic value of z = 2.43 and P-value = 0.015, choose the most correct conclusion (use a significance level of 1%).

A) Reject H₀ since z > 0.05 - there appears to be a significant difference in the proportions of patients experiencing side effects between the treatment groups

B)Reject H₀ since P-value < 0.05 - there is evidence that a significantly higher proportion of patients experience side effects with the new drug compared with the placebo

C)Fail to reject H₀ since P-value > 0.01 - there is no evidence that a significantly different proportion of patients experience side effects with the new drug compared with the placebo

D)Fail to reject H_a since P-value < 0.1 - there no evidence that a significantly different proportion of patients experience side effects with the new drug compared with the placebo

E)Fail to reject H₀ since P-value < 0.01 - there appears to be a significantly different proportion of side effects for patients taking the new drug compared with the placebo