a report on the Global Value Chain (GVC) by giving an example of a specific industry/sector in a country. The report shall elaborate on the theoretical principles underlying the GVC and its labour market implications.

report should:

1. Give an example of GVC which involves at least three countries and in which Australia participates, that is, Australian inputs are used to produce (deliver) final products (services). Insert a diagram/figure of this GVC.Identify the key activities done by key participating countries in this GVC.
2. Elaborate the theoretical foundations of GVCs. Explain what determines each key country's participation and position along the GVC in your example.
3. Examine the relationship between globalization and living standards by utilizing the data provided in this assignment (please read data notes carefully).
4. Openness to trade is one of the measures of globalization degree for a country. Does it make sense some countries register an openness of more than 100%? Explain.
5. Visualize (using appropriate graph(s)) the relationship between openness and living standards based on the assignment data.
6. Now direct yourself to the same data sources for more data. Can you visualize the relationship between openness and living standards based on the Australian experience?
7. Discuss whether your graphs in b) and c) above support the idea of globalization as a growth/development strategy.

Finally, your report should be structured in a proper format: Summary/Abstract, Introduction, Sub-sections, Conclusions, References.

Data description:
This data set provides measures of openness and per capita GDP for a sample of 175 countries/regions over 1990-2022.
The values of variables for each country refers to the average of this variable over the period 1990-2022.
Variables:
openness (%):	the sum of export & import values of goods and services as a share (%) of GDP.
ln(per capita GDP):	natural logarithm of PPP adjusted per capita GDP (current international $)
Data sources:
World Development Indicators, World Bank.

country name	openness (%)	ln(per capita GDP)
Afghanistan	49.06081	7.414915
Albania	68.2686	8.933728
Algeria	58.80593	9.252854
Angola	87.10575	8.542098
Antigua and Barbuda	123.6612	9.93548
Argentina	28.5341	9.64852
Armenia	78.67365	8.835034
Aruba	148.1516	10.41792
Australia	40.27024	10.47643
Austria	90.94601	10.55975
Azerbaijan	87.88811	9.149967
Bahamas, The	83.48107	10.23552
Bahrain	152.0384	10.68122
Bangladesh	32.126	7.9625
Barbados	85.93795	9.554848
Belarus	124.9703	9.375794
Belgium	143.584	10.49709
Belize	93.6612	9.010905
Benin	52.37362	7.700512
Bermuda	74.81585	11.04531
Bhutan	89.59954	8.669463
Bolivia	60.08202	8.516514
Bosnia and Herzegovina	91.70753	9.056456
Botswana	95.189	9.315367
Brazil	24.37512	9.362653
Brunei Darussalam	105.9341	11.13751
Bulgaria	102.5755	9.512731
Burkina Faso	44.77993	7.17781
Burundi	32.47063	6.465715
Cabo Verde	89.4279	8.411482
Cambodia	112.7283	7.779334
Cameroon	43.29754	7.910618
Canada	66.22266	10.49648
Cayman Islands	113.7542	11.17062
Central African Republic	43.17579	6.621224
Chad	69.52597	7.15466
Chile	62.7163	9.644948
China	41.37279	8.954042
Colombia	36.61683	9.213805
Comoros	37.51942	7.742887
Congo, Dem. Rep.	60.47667	6.550902
Congo, Rep.	113.3556	8.342913
Costa Rica	76.15062	9.406692
Cote d'Ivoire	56.91159	8.205462
Croatia	83.1985	9.8904
Curacao	153.5903	10.10633
Cyprus	127.3996	10.24514
Czechia	114.8031	10.14078
Denmark	89.59655	10.55791
Djibouti	288.3158	8.444387
Dominica	96.02444	9.058608
Dominican Republic	64.80228	9.234965
Ecuador	50.85684	9.022522
Egypt, Arab Rep.	46.95684	8.968135
El Salvador	68.45039	8.685244
Equatorial Guinea	109.0941	9.686016
Eritrea	71.91492	7.277879
Estonia	143.8293	10.01574
Eswatini	117.8783	8.757651
Ethiopia	34.69909	6.944905
Fiji	115.0627	8.96783
Finland	71.08023	10.44259
France	54.11152	10.39926
Gabon	84.60518	9.548614
Gambia, The	53.88938	7.533071
Georgia	87.62406	8.926407
Germany	69.22881	10.51237
Ghana	74.42329	8.15709
Greece	56.28786	10.0768
Guatemala	53.56855	8.72649
Guinea	69.85521	7.388001
Guinea-Bissau	50.38786	7.202862
Guyana	208.3498	9.167166
Haiti	37.9814	7.853613
Honduras	109.8715	8.184862
Hungary	131.5457	9.891836
Iceland	78.5092	10.64124
India	36.13793	8.208019
Indonesia	52.82737	8.914579
Iran, Islamic Rep.	44.03054	9.508325
Iraq	71.19105	9.121371
Ireland	172.4843	10.74904
Israel	64.59945	10.33891
Italy	50.34031	10.37827
Jamaica	91.39713	8.967832
Japan	26.60146	10.38943
Jordan	118.2958	8.96853
Kazakhstan	79.28144	9.673871
Kenya	50.54917	7.929457
Kiribati	110.6368	7.40419
Korea, Rep.	71.80449	10.1996
Kosovo	82.77581	9.179861
Kuwait	95.28721	11.05801
Kyrgyz Republic	102.0868	8.034971
Lao PDR	71.94512	8.235851
Latvia	105.292	9.836234
Lebanon	76.53961	9.315897
Lesotho	145.2385	7.497512
Libya	70.60639	10.08877
Lithuania	122.5044	9.977411
Luxembourg	281.1343	11.25218
Madagascar	51.26887	7.228907
Malaysia	167.6112	9.796346
Mali	57.39796	7.329298
Malta	257.6751	10.16727
Mauritania	76.36152	8.276639
Mauritius	116.1797	9.530154
Mexico	56.19579	9.594456
Moldova	111.8932	8.868934
Mongolia	110.1324	8.85551
Montenegro	104.9484	9.588451
Morocco	63.16608	8.645649
Namibia	93.70394	8.902802
Nauru	152.2424	8.997207
Nepal	46.80731	7.648524
Netherlands	129.3396	10.6013
New Zealand	57.08034	10.27493
Nicaragua	80.85899	8.230421
Niger	37.45058	6.870752
Norway	70.05615	10.80091
Oman	92.93772	10.58621
Pakistan	30.74511	8.178209
Panama	135.3522	9.695117
Papua New Guinea	106.5005	7.954775
Paraguay	82.65135	9.167879
Peru	42.41128	8.987625
Philippines	66.92372	8.555437
Poland	79.77336	9.817119
Portugal	70.08655	10.08152
Puerto Rico	106.4597	10.21278
Qatar	91.55278	11.64375
Romania	66.44624	9.623314
Russian Federation	53.36801	9.703573
Rwanda	38.80766	7.073594
Samoa	77.10694	8.364706
San Marino	317.0695	10.98687
Saudi Arabia	71.04971	10.69827
Senegal	54.58311	7.820818
Serbia	74.9109	9.399183
Seychelles	155.5325	9.828302
Sierra Leone	55.71025	7.003993
Singapore	351.0357	11.06837
Slovak Republic	144.4895	9.931583
Slovenia	128.4117	10.22811
Somalia	73.75597	7.300932
South Sudan	78.61116	7.688796
Spain	55.25562	10.23832
Sri Lanka	66.22736	8.934558
Sudan	21.98233	8.117678
Suriname	97.51881	9.355315
Sweden	78.46508	10.54231
Switzerland	105.0312	10.80199
Tajikistan	102.5998	7.708381
Tanzania	41.51239	7.457526
Thailand	113.246	9.335289
Timor-Leste	109.0898	7.825159
Togo	69.1585	7.359806
Tonga	75.19501	8.367421
Tunisia	92.29288	9.003945
Turkiye	49.20055	9.72849
Turkmenistan	87.13344	8.933459
Uganda	36.91253	7.380897
Ukraine	90.12392	9.003673
United Arab Emirates	142.805	11.35672
United Kingdom	55.43382	10.41293
United States	25.14908	10.71348
Uruguay	47.34813	9.63608
Uzbekistan	56.78762	8.436767
Vanuatu	95.22025	7.78566
Venezuela, RB	50.77501	9.45816
Viet Nam	123.6955	8.534638
West Bank and Gaza	78.21159	8.337235
Yemen, Rep.	64.16806	7.958192
Zambia	68.35445	7.829344
Zimbabwe	68.14309	7.642353