A researcher is interested in whether different types of exercise (cardio vs weights) is associated with better mood. They separate 32 participants into two groups of 16, and ask them to exercise by either jogging, or lifting weights, for an hour a day for two weeks. After the two weeks, they record participant mood. The jogging group has a mean mood of 32, with a standard deviation of 5. The weights group has a mean mood of 28, with a standard deviation of 4.

Using the appropriate formula from the Formula Sheet, calculate t-value for this difference: