A researcher wants to examine whether VCU students send and receive fewer texts per day than the population. On average, Americans send and receive 41.5 text messages per day. The phone records of 70 VCU students were examined. On average, the sample sent and received 38.7 messages per day, with a standard deviation of 4.8. Do VCU students send and receive fewer texts per day than the American population? Follow the step-by-step process for completing aone-sample t-test. Assume alpha = .05.

Why is this a one-sample t-test rather than a z-test?

Write the null and alternative hypotheses?

What are the degrees of freedom?

Look at your research question. Is this a one-tailed (directional) or two-tailed (nondirectional) test?

Find the critical value. (Hint: Remember that this is at-test!)?

Reject H0 if t observed is?