A researcher wants to test whether a new type of exercise equipment improves the strength of participants. To test this, they recruit 12 participants and measure their strength using a standardized test. The participants then use the new exercise equipment for 4 weeks, after which their strength is measured again using the same test. The researcher finds that 8 of the participants showed an increase in strength compared to their baseline measurement. Alpha = .05. Critical value: Alpha = .05, 2 and 10. P(8) + P(9) + P(10) + P(11) + P(12)= .1208 + .0537 + .0161. + .0029 + .0002 = 0.1937.

To get the p-value for the two-tailed test, we need to multiply this probability by 2: p-value = 2 * 0.1937 = 0.3874.

Please explain how those are the answers ^