A researcher was interested in how many males and females were

accepted into a university's graduate program. The results of the

research show the following:

Accepted

Female

Total

Accepted

Male

Total

Accepted

Overall

Total

Engineering

$198$

$958$

$20\mathrm{.}7\%$

$175$

$375$

$46\mathrm{.}7\%$

$373$

$1333$

$28\mathrm{.}0\%$

Psychology

$371$

$1586$

$23\mathrm{.}4\%$

$55$

$77$

$71\mathrm{.}4\%$

$426$

$1663$

$25\mathrm{.}6\%$

Overall

$569$

$2544$

$22\mathrm{.}4\%$

$230$

$452$

$50\mathrm{.}9\%$

Which of the following explains how this is an example of Simpson's

paradox?Acceptance rates were higher overall for males but lower than females for the Engineering graduate program.

b$.)$

Acceptance rates were higher for the Psychology graduate program for both men and women, but overall acceptance rates are higher for the Engineering graduate program.

c$.)$

Overall acceptance rates are lower for the Engineering graduate program than the Psychology graduate program.

d$.)$

Acceptance rates were higher for the Psychology graduate program overall, but lower for females.