A retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify if there were adverse events, including fractures, associated with the short-term use of oral corticosteroids. Data were obtained from a national dataset of private insurance claims for 18 to 64 year olds continuously enrolled from 2012 to 2014. Within 30 days of drug initiation, the rate of fractures had nearly doubled (p<0.05).

A) What was the null hypothesis for this study?

B) Interpret the p-value reported in the study above using 0.05 in your interpretation.

C) What is a p-value? What information does it provide us with?