A study was conducted as part of a larger survey to ascertain the number of American adults who had experienced phenomena such as seeing a ghost, "feeling as if you left your body," and seeing a UFO. A representative sample of adults (18 and over) in the continental United States were interviewed in their homes during three consecutive months of a particular year. The results when respondents were asked about seeing a ghost are shown in the table.

	Reportedly Has Seen a Ghost
Yes	No	Total
Aged 18 to 29	222	1,303	1,525
Aged 30 or over	415	3,962	4,377
Total	637	5,265	5,902

a.) What is the relative risk of reportedly seeing a ghost for one group compared to the other? (Put the

group with lower risk in the denominator. Round your answer to two decimal places).

Consider the likelihood of couples separating based on whether the husband's parents had been divorced. The following table shows the results for this situation.

Husband's Parents Divorced?	Couple Separated	Couple Intact	Total
Yes	45	245	290
No	74	1,139	1,213
Total	119	1,384	1,503

b.) What are the odds of a couple separating to not separating when the husband's parents had been divorced? (Enter the odds as a ratio using two numbers.)

c.) What is the odds ratio for the two conditions? (Put the group with lower risk in the denominator. Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Suppose the following table contains data representing the number of employees laid off at a particular company.

Ethnic Group	Laid Off?	% Laid Off
Yes	No	Total
African American	130	1,340	1,470	8.8
Caucasians	84	1,869	1,953	4.3
Total:	214	3,209	3,423

a.) Compute the odds of being retained to being laid off for each ethnic group. (Enter the odds as a ratio using two numbers.)

African American:

Caucasians:

(b) Use your results in part (a) to compute the odds ratio. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)