a$.$ Translate the South African subsidiary's financial statements into U$.$S$.$ dollars, assuming that the South African rand is the functional currency. Compute the translation adjustment by considering the impact of exchange rate changes on the subsidiary's net assets.

b$.$ Translate $($remeasure$)$ the South African subsidiary's financial statements into U$.$S$.$ dollars, assuming that the U$.$S$.$ dollar is the functional currency. Compute the translation adjustment $($remeasurement gain or loss$)$ by considering the impact of exchange rate changes on the subsidiary's net monetary asset or liability position.