a$.$ Use a function to calculate the cumulative interest paid on the loan for Year $1,$ in which payments are made at the end of the period. Use fixed cell references for the interest rate, number of periods, and present value arguments, which are listed in the conditions section. Make sure that the function can be copied to fill the remaining interest values without modifying it$.$

b$.$ Use the function to fill in the remaining interest payments.

$4.$ Calculate the cumulative principal payments as follows:

a$.$ Use a function to calculate the cumulative principal paid on the loan for Year $1,$ in which payments are made at the end of the period. Use fixed cell references where appropriate to make sure that the function can be copied to fill the remaining principal values without modifying it$.$

b$.$ Use the function to fill in the remaining principal payments.

$5.$ Go to the Depreciation worksheet. Pranjali needs to correct the errors on this worksheet before she can perform any depreciation calculations. Correct the errors as follows:

a$.$ Use Trace Dependents arrows to determine whether the #VALUE! error in the cell containing Year $2$ cumulative depreciation is causing other errors in the worksheet.

b$.$ Use Trace Precedents arrows to find the source of the error.

c$.$ Correct the error so that the formula calculates the cumulative straight$-$line depreciation of the medical van by adding the cumulative depreciation value in Year $1$ to the annual depreciation value in Year $2.$

$6.$ Pranjali wants to compare straight$-$line depreciation amounts with declining balance depreciation amounts to determine which method is more favorable for the hospital's balance sheet. In the range D$5$:D$7,$ she estimates that the Neighborhood Nurse program will have $$234,000$ in tangible assets at startup, and that the useful life of these assets is seven years with a salvage value of $$37,440.$

Use a function to calculate the straight$-$line depreciation for the medical van in the first year. Make sure that the function can be copied to fill the remaining annual depreciation values without modifying it$.$

$7.$ Use a function to calculate the declining balance depreciation for the medical van in the first year. Make sure that the function can be copied to fill the remaining annual depreciation values without modifying it$.$

$8.$ Pranjali also wants to determine the yearly depreciation allowance for the first year and the last year of the useful life of the medical van, which the hospital calculates using the sum$-$of$-$years' digit depreciation.

Determine these amounts as follows:

a$.$ Below the declining balance depreciation data, use a function to calculate the yearly depreciation allowance for the first year.

b$.$ Next, use a function to calculate the yearly depreciation allowance for the last year.

$9.$ Go to the Earnings Projections worksheet. Pranjali has entered most of the income and expense data on the worksheet. She knows the income from municipal grants will be $$25,000$ in $2025,$ and she estimates it will be $$40,000$ in $2029.$ She needs to calculate the income from municipal grants in the years $20262028.$ The grants should increase at a constant amount from year to year.

Project the income from municipal grants for $20262028$ using a Linear Trend interpolation.

$10.$ Pranjali also needs to calculate the income from insurance reimbursements in the years $20262028.$ She knows the starting amount and has estimated the amount in $2029.$ She thinks this income will increase by a constant percentage.

Project the income from insurance reimbursements for $20262028$ using a Growth Trend interpolation.