a) Why do Quality Managers use a 'Fishbone' or Ishikawa Diagram to pinpoint manufacturing/service errors ? (HINT: This comprises Root Cause Analysis in Quality Management) b) How does Taguchi's Quadratic Loss Function overcome a basic deficiency of the traditional 'Goalpost' approach to deviations from specified quality targets ? The Taguchi Loss Function for an engineering company is given by k(xT)2, where k is a positive real number, T is the target specification in cm, and x is the variable (length) under consideration. Assume that the specification tolerances for the length of a machine part are (5+0.37)cm and (50.37)cm. The value of the target length is 5cm, i.e. T=5cm and k=9,300. What is the company's estimated loss if x=5.50cm ? )