(a) You are teaching a 7th grade social studies class that traditionally has been a behavioral nightmare for teachers who have come before you. This class meets right after their lunch break and it typically takes 10-15 minutes of every class meeting to get the students to settle down and engage in the lesson. Using the behavioral techniques, how would you get the class to settle down and begin engaging in the lesson in two minutes or less?

(b) Explain the meaning of "reward is in the eye of the beholder" as it relates to the concepts of operant conditioning (reinforcement).