ABC Manufacturing produces chemicals and incurred the following costs for the production of 25,000 units:

• Actual direct materials cost: $55,000
• Standard direct materials cost: $45,000
• Actual direct labor cost: $40,000
• Standard direct labor cost: $35,000

Calculate the following variances:

1. Direct materials price variance.
2. Direct materials quantity variance.
3. Direct labor rate variance.
4. Direct labor efficiency variance.