(About R) TRUE or FALSE. If true, why in at most two sentences. If false, why or a brief counterexample in at most two sentences.

1) Trees created using Bagging Algorithm are pairwise independent. 2) In the KMeans clustering technique in the rst stage, each observation by itself in its own "cluster". 3) Scaling variables is highly discouraged when applying hierarchical clustering algorithms. 4) Qualitative variables are important to be included in the data matrix when applying clustering algorithm functions. 5) The size of trees using Random Forest Algorithm are usually more complex than the ones produced by Bagging Algorithm. 6) Increasing the number of knots "K" will make the spline model simpler. 7) The larger the "span" value in a Ioess function the more exible the smooth function will be. 8) Including the intercept, a natural cubic spline with 4 knots has 8 degrees of freedom. 9) A "spline" ts a piecewise polynomial under the constraint that the curve be "smooth"