According to Plato in the Timaeus, the universe was patterned after the Form World Soul.  The Universe was created by the Demiurge, a divine force referred to as the "father of heaven who is past finding out."  Among the following items - choose the one thing that the Demiurge did not create:

the Eide

each human soul

time

the universe.

 

2. Name the excellence (arête)
of each of these parts of the soul:

Wisdom, Courage, Temperance

Thinking, Willing, Feeling

Reason Proper, the Conscience,

 

3. If the Demiurge took the Human Soul on a journey through the heavens and showed the Human being all the Eide
(forms), then why is it the case that the Human being is not, therefore, born with a full comprehension of that knowledge?
 

Group of answer choices

Because we never "knew" this knowledge; so when we are born into the material world we have to create or learn all possible knowledge. 

 

Because the intense shock generated by the birthing process, caused the human being to forget everything they were shown prior to physical existence. Thus, all such knowledge lies latent in their memories, waiting to be rediscovered through recollection.

 

There is nothing mysterious about what we can know.  We don't know anything until we are capable of apprehending and comprehending what our parents, teachers and society share with us.  Thus, when we are born we begin our journey to acquire this knowledge.

 

4. What, then, must the human being do in order to recapture that knowledge once known so well?
 

Group of answer choices

One must diligently look to society in an effort to know how to proceed through life.

 

One must adopt the laws of the state; regard these laws as constituting genuine knowledge, and follow these laws with an unquestioning devotion.

 

One must jog one's own memory employing the dialectic and rediscover the forms with the help of a mentor.

 

5. The importance of this so-called forgotten knowledge is of vital concern to Socrates.  (Which following statement is NOT a reason why should we attempt to discover this vital knowledge?
 

Group of answer choices

This knowledge will help us to discover what the just and happy life is.

 

This knowledge will prevent us from corrupting those around us.

 

This knowledge has the potential to help us to live a virtuous life and reside on our star after death (instead of having to revisit our existence here on earth.)

 

This knowledge will help us get along with our fellow citizens and mark us out for good reputations, and sound financial futures.

 

6. Socrates believed that the virtuous state of each individual's soul determined whether or not the human being was capable of pursuing a happy life.  Identify this specific and  crucial Virtue of the Soul.  And its Definition:
 

Group of answer choices

Justice is whatever is in the interest of individuals or communities so that they might function well, and people will be able to make a decent living. Thus, to be Just is to be safe and secure in ones' own society - and this is nothing more than the happy life.

 

Wisdom is whatever the political heads of government understand the rights of people to be.  Wisdom gained by the study of governmental structures and procedure is the central virtue which will ensure the interest of the people, and allow them to be happy to that extent. 

 

Justice is the Harmonious Relationship of the Elements of the Soul. Thus, to the extent that one is wise, courageous, and temperate, that is the extent to which one is just. And to the extent to which one is just that is the extent to which one is happy.

7. At the beginning of the Republic, Cephalus tells Socrates that, while he is a very old and infirmed man, indeed, he is very happy.  Socrates asks Cephalus what he means by happiness.  Cephalus responds that the happy life entails the just life; and that is, 'paying your debts and keeping your promises.'
Identify Socrates' response to Cephalus' definition of the just and happy life:
 

Group of answer choices

Socrates accepts this definition as flawless (but perhaps a bit too sterile and unfeeling), but suggests that adding a poetical dimension to his definition might be helpful.

 

Socrates soundly rebukes Cephalus', charging him with holding a definition that is trite and even dangerous, suggesting that Cephalus made his money in dishonest business dealings.

 

Socrates likes Cephalus' definition but is concerned that it does not take into account, states of affairs that might involve someone acting in a just manner, and yet, not returning what is owed --say, in the example of not returning a borrowed knife to an owner who is in an unfit emotional state to receive it back. 

 

8. Plato' mode of expression, the Dialogue, is made up of 5-salient features. Which of the following features is at odds with the central concerns of the Dialogue Method:

Group of answer choices

There is no formal beginning or ending to a Platonic Dialogue

 

The participants must choose and shape the direction of the Platonic  Dialogue.

 

The participants must choose language which is persuasive such that listeners will be swayed to accept the arguments of the speaker.

 

The participants in the dialogue must employ metaphorical language; and, for the sake of humility, and the desire to avoid hubris, the gods must be mentioned.

 

The dialogue must be led by a seer or a mentor.

 

The participants must engage in friendly conversation