According to the American Center for Disease Control, the percentage of cigarette smokers among American adults in 2005 was 20.9% (and therefore, the percentage of non-smokers was 79.1%). As a health psychologist, you are interested in knowing if the prevalence of smoking has changed. Last year, you sampled 500 American adults and found that 72 of them reported being cigarette smokers and that 428 reported being non-smokers. Perform the appropriate test.

Is this a goodness of fit test or a test of independence?