According to the NY Times Almanac, the family size in the US follows normal distribution with mean family size of 3.18. Consider a random sample of 24 American families that yields a mean size of 3.83 with a sample standard deviation of 1.43. Can you conclude that the mean family size has increased at the 5% significance level?

1. State the null and alternative hypothesis.

2. What is the value of the test statistic? Include 3 decimal places in your answer.

3. What is the pp-value?