Accounting for Environmental Liabilities XYZ Corporation is a manufacturing company with a significant presence in the industry. As part of its operations, the company is involved in various production processes that generate waste materials. Over the years, there has been an increased emphasis on environmental responsibility, and XYZ Corp has become aware of the potential environmental liabilities associated with its activities. Environmental Liabilities Identification: XYZ Corp engages in a comprehensive environmental audit to identify potential liabilities. The audit reveals that some of the waste materials produced contain hazardous substances, and there is a risk of soil and water contamination. Additionally, the company has an aging facility with outdated equipment that may lead to accidental spills and leaks. Assessment and Measurement: To account for environmental liabilities, XYZ Corp engages environmental experts and assesses the potential impact of its activities on the surrounding environment. The company estimates the costs associated with cleaning up contaminated areas, restoring affected ecosystems, and implementing preventive measures to mitigate future environmental damage. Recognition and Initial Measurement: XYZ Corp recognizes environmental liabilities in accordance with accounting standards. The recognized liabilities are measured at their best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation. The company considers factors such as inflation, technological changes, and regulatory requirements when determining the amount of the provision. Subsequent Measurement and Contingencies: Environmental liabilities are subject to subsequent measurement as new information becomes available. XYZ Corp monitors changes in regulations and technological advancements that may impact the estimated costs. Additionally, the company considers contingencies and adjusts its provisions accordingly. Disclosure and Reporting: XYZ Corp is committed to transparency in its financial reporting. The company discloses detailed information about its environmental liabilities in its annual reports, including the nature of the liabilities, the estimation methods used, and any uncertainties surrounding the provisions. Objective Type Question: Fill in the Blank The recognition and initial measurement of environmental liabilities are based on the ____________ of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation.

A) Highest estimate

B) Lowest estimate

C) Best estimate

D) Average estimate