ADD DEGREES OF FREEDOM

Among the huge body of literature on smoking are data detailing the relative successfulness of males and females in quitting Espa smoking. A study of 400 adults (ages 20 and older) who began various smoking-cessation programs produced the data in the contingency table below. The table shows data from the study regarding two variables: the smoker's sex ("male" or "female") and the length of the smoking cessation period ("less than two weeks", "between two weeks and one year", or "at least one year"). In the table, "less than two weeks" means that the individual returned to smoking within two weeks of beginning the program, "between two weeks and one year" means that the individual survived the first two weeks but returned to smoking within a year, and "at least one year" means that the individual did not smoke for at least a year after beginning the program. The cells of the table each contain three numbers. The first number in each cell is the observed cell frequency (fo); the second number is the expected cell frequency (f) under the assumption that there is no association between sex and the length of the smoking cessation period; and the third number is the following value. (So SE)(Observedellfrequency Expectedellfrequency JE Expectedellfrequency The numbers labeled "Total" are totals for observed frequency. Part 1 Fill in the missing values in the contingency table. Round your expected frequencies to two or more decimal places, and round your SE values to three or more decimal places. Send data to Excel Length of smoking cessation period X ? Between Less than two two weeks At least one year Total weeks and one year 55 131 59 Male 124.95 245 0.293 Sex 44 73 38 Female 79.0 155 0.463 Total 99 204 97 400 Part 2 Answer the following to summarize the test of the hypothesis that there is no association between sex and the length of the smoking cessation period. For your test, use the 0.10 level of significance. (a) Determine the type of test X ? statistic to use. Type of test statistic: (Choose one) V (b) Find the value of the test statistic. (Round to two or more decimal places.) (c) Find the critical value for a test at the 0.10 level of significance. (Round to two or more decimal places.) (d) Can we conclude that there is an association between sex and the length of the smoking cessation period? Use the 0.10 level of significance. Yes No