ADME Pipe Ltd. manufactures various industrial pipe flanges. Blind Flanges used to block off pipelinesand stop fluids from passing through openings are greatly used in the petrochemical, water and sewerindustries and are a standard product sold by ADME Pipe Ltd. They are quite commonly used forongoing maintenance and repair or sectional replacements in the field since changeouts are muchquicker and costs are much lower.A stamped disc is produced which is then drilled with four (4)equally spaced bolt holes determined by Industry Specifications to a specification of 1.49 cm +/- 0.025.During the stamping process there is a small round mark placed above one of the bolt holes to markPosition 1 of the bolt holes.Clockwise around the part, the other bolt holes are designated Position 2,3, and 4 respectively.The blind flange is then fastened with bolts to a matching gasket and flangewhenappliedinthefield.

Lately, one of ADME's biggest customers has been complaining that the bolt holes are not always liningup properly to the flanges already in use on the pipelines.ADME's management has tasked the QualityTeam with determining the root cause of the issue.The quality team has measured each bolt hole infive(5)parts every15minutesandrecordedthemeasurements.ThemeasurementsarefoundinTable1.

Sample	Position1	Position2	Position3	Position4
1	1.502	1.49	1.441	1.606
2	1.509	1.514	1.411	1.583
3	1.507	1.504	1.437	1.581
4	1.507	1.504	1.466	1.571
5	1.508	1.504	1.442	1.622
6	1.503	1.501	1.446	1.621
7	1.505	1.512	1.451	1.574
8	1.498	1.511	1.422	1.592
9	1.499	1.517	1.463	1.564
10	1.511	1.501	1.454	1.58
11	1.5	1.511	1.431	1.58
12	1.504	1.505	1.401	1.614
13	1.498	1.501	1.467	1.63
14	1.494	1.511	1.511	1.605
15	1.497	1.504	1.421	1.561
16	1.497	1.511	1.451	1.608
17	1.508	1.502	1.462	1.573
18	1.501	1.498	1.431	1.574
19	1.5	1.504	1.443	1.572
20	1.503	1.497	1.446	1.604
21	1.505	1.511	1.452	1.577
22	1.493	1.505	1.424	1.562
23	1.504	1.501	1.45	1.588
24	1.504	1.509	1.409	1.614
25	1.493	1.511	1.423	1.593
26	1.492	1.507	1.47	1.597
27	1.504	1.503	1.451	1.561
28	1.505	1.498	1.437	1.577
29	1.501	1.51	1.419	1.581
30	1.493	1.507	1.477	1.597

Question 1: Based on the sample data, calculate the summarystatistics for each bolt hole:Mean, Median, Mode,Minimum,Maximum,RangeandStandardDeviation.

Question. 2Construct a histogram, for EACH bolt hole from thesample data - describe the shape, location (center)and spreadofeachhistogram.

1. Shape- the shape shows how the variation isdistributed(isthedatasymmetricalorskewed)http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/data-collection-analysis-tools/overview/histogram2.html
2. Location- The location is the expected (center /midpoint) value of the output being measured.Spread - The spread is the expected amount ofvariation associated with the output. Thisillustrates the possible values that we wouldexpecttosee.Arethereany outliers?

Question 3: Based on the statistical data and specification limits,what is the estimate of the % of bolt holes that will belessthanthe specification?Estimateforeachboltholeseparately.

Question 4: Based on the statistical data and specification limits,whatistheestimateofthe% ofboltholesthatwillbe greater than the specification?Estimate for each bolthole separately.