After learning about how unions played a huge role in establishing United States labor legislation, there are still methods employers can use to avoid unionization, without being penalized or paying punitive damages. For example, Walmart uses scare tactics, managerial surveillance, and closing stores to avoid unionization in the United States, yet it recognizes union membership in foreign countries.

1. What legal loopholes can companies use to avoid union membership?
2. Why are companies such as Walmart more interested in avoiding unions than embracing them?
3. Do you believe it is ethical to do so? Why or why not?
4. What can employees do, if anything?
5. What do you predict the future will be like for unions in the United States?