Al is a medical doctor who conducts his practice as a sole proprietor. During 2023, he received cash of $280,000 for medical services. Of the amount collected, $40,000 was for services provided in 2022. At the end of 2023, Al had accounts receivable of $60,000, all for services rendered in 2023. In addition, at the end of the year, Al received $12,000 as an advance payment from a health maintenance organization (HMO) for services to be rendered in 2024. Compute Al's gross income for 2023:

Using the cash basis of accounting.

Using the accrual basis of accounting.

Advise Al on which method of accounting he should use.