ALASKA MANUFACTURING

. began its first year of operations on January 1, 2018. Costs incurred for 2018 were as follows:

Direct materials used				$147,600	Variable
Direct manufacturing labor cots				38,400	Variable
Plant energy costs				2,000	Variable
Indirect manufacturing labor costs				14,000	Variable
Indirect manufacturing labor costs				19,000	Fixed
Other indirect production costs				11,000	Variable
Other indirect production costs				14,000	Fixed
Marketing, distribution and customer-service costs				128,000	Variable
Marketing, distribution and customer-service costs				48,000	Fixed
Administrative costs				56,000	Fixed

Variable manufacturing costs are variable with respect to units produced, while variable marketing, distribution and customer-service costs are variable with respect to units sold.

Inventory data is as follows:

Beginning : january 1, 2018 Ending: December 31, 2018

Direct Materials 0 lbs 2,400 lbs

Work in Progress 0 units 0 units

Finished goods 0 units ? units

In 2018, the company produced 123,000 units. Company standards require 2 pounds of direct material per unit.

Revenues for 2018 were $594,000. The selling price per unit and the purchase price per pound of direct materials were constant throughout the year. Finished-goods inventory at December 31, 2018 was $26,000.

Required:

1. Whats a variable cost? Whats a fixed cost? Give an example of each. WHY is this an important distinction to make?
2. Whats meant by a standard as used above?
3. Calculate the ending direct materials inventory (in $$) at December 31, 2018.
4. Calculate the ending finished-goods inventory (in units) at December 31, 2018.
5. Determine the selling price in 2018.
6. Compute the operating income for 2018.
7. What was the contribution margin per unit? What does this mean?
8. What was the contribution margin ratio? What does this mean?
9. What is the cost function (formula) that the company could use to estimate total costs for a year any level of production?

Please show all work. Looking to learn how to solve not just answers.