Ali is taking a professional accounting examination from a certain organization. Every season, he sits for one paper only. To be qualified as a professional accountant, he has to get pass for all eight papers. The probability of passing for each of exam paper is 0.8 and passing of the exam papers are independent each other. Let be the number of papers fail until he managed to pass all his exam papers to be qualified as an accountant.

a. State the random variable of .

b. Calculate the mean and variance of . Hence, find the expected number of exam papers for him in completing his professional accountant examination.

c. Ali is planning to sit at most 10 exam papers. Find the probability of him to be qualified as a professional accountant.

Let the exam fee for each paper is RM1,000, and the total of cost exam fees in completing the course, (in RM) is denoted as =8,000+1,000(+8), where the amount RM8000 is denoted as the cost of study material. Find the probability of Ali's expenditure in completing this course less than RM20,000. (Hint: use normal approximation approach).

Abu has the probability of passing an exam paper of 0.6. Then, by using similar methods, find the probability of his expenditure in completing this course less than RM20,000.

Compare the monetary implication between Ali and Abu in taking this professional accounting exams.