1. All member states of the EU use the Euro.
2. The European Commission is generally expected to remain independent of national governments so it can represent and uphold the interests of the EU as a whole.
3. The Directive on Product Liability mandates a system of almost strict liability for the EU; these standards exceed the criteria for product liability in Canada.
4. The EU Parliament is democratically elected directly by the citizens of EU countries but has no actual legislative power.
5. One of the major goals of EU competition law is to preserve the single European market and to prevent its fragmentation into single-country markets.
6. Since the entry into force in 2017 of the Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA) trade in goods and services has not increased between Canada and the EU.
7. Many Canadian business sectors will benefit from the Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA) including the oil and gas sector.
8. Geographical indications (GIs) are of great importance to the European Union (EU). Under CETA the EU was successful in negotiating inclusion of GI protections for a number of products.
9. Under Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty the United Kingdom is precluded from leaving the European Union (Brexit) unless a deal is negotiated.
10. The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is the most recent and important agreement concluded and in force in Canada. The CPTPP closely resembles the structure and benefits of CETA.

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is true?
   1. The Treaty of Rome established the European Economic Community, which created the first common European market.
   2. The Treaty of Versailles established the European Economic Community, which created the first common European market.
   3. The Single European Actestablished the European Economic Community, which created the first common European market.
   4. The Maastricht Treaty established the European Economic Community, which created the first common European market.
2. Which of the following is true?
   1. The Treaty of Rome provided for the gradual abolition of border checks for people crossing national borders within the EU.
   2. The Single European Actprovided for the gradual abolition of border checks for people crossing national borders within the EU.
   3. The Schengen Agreement provided for the gradual abolition of border checks for people crossing national borders within the EU.
   4. The Maastricht Treaty provided for the gradual abolition of border checks for people crossing national borders within the EU.
3. Which of the following is true?
   1. The Treaty of Lisbon established a new constitution for the European Union.
   2. The Treaty of Lisbon gave the European Central Bank official status as an EU institution, and provided for the direct election of presidents of the European Central Bank by EU citizens.
   3. The Treaty of Lisbon changed the apportionment of seats for Members of the European Parliament, ensuring that the number of seats is identical for all member states.
   4. The Treaty of Lisbon restructured the EU Court, resulting in the Court of Justice comprising the General Court, the Civil Service Tribunal, and the European Court of Justice.
4. Which of the following is true?
   1. The European Council is tasked with the responsibility of defining "the general political directions and priorities" of the European Union.
   2. The European Commission is tasked with the responsibility of defining "the general political directions and priorities" of the European Union.
   3. The Council of the European Union is tasked with the responsibility of defining "the general political directions and priorities" of the European Union.
   4. The European Parliament is tasked with the responsibility of defining "the general political directions and priorities" of the European Union.
5. Which of the following is true?
   1. The European Commission comprises the presidents and/or prime ministers of all the EU member countries.
   2. The European Council comprises the presidents and/or prime ministers of all the EU member countries.
   3. The Council of the European Union comprises the presidents and/or prime ministers of all the EU member countries.
   4. The European Parliament comprises the presidents and/or prime ministers of all the EU member countries.
6. Which of the following is true?
   1. The European Council and the European Parliament together make up the legislative arm of the European Union.
   2. The Council of the European Union and the European Parliament together make up the legislative arm of the European Union.
   3. The European Commission and the European Parliament together make up the legislative arm of the European Union.
   4. The European Commission and the European Council together make up the legislative arm of the European Union.
7. Which of the following is not true?
   1. The same tariff will apply to a good imported into the EU regardless of the country through which it is entering the EU.
   2. Tariff rates applied to goods imported into the EU are determined based on the type of good and the origin of the good.
   3. EU countries have their own external tariffs on goods entering the country.
   4. For the purposes of assessing tariffs, the type of good will be determined using the Combined Nomenclature.
8. Article 102 under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) addresses the behaviour of which of the following?
   1. A single, dominant firm abusing its market power.
   2. Market activities that engage in price-fixing, limitations on production, tie-ins, and market sharing.
   3. Discrimination among parties.
   4. Only a) and b) are correct.
9. Which of the following is not a regional trade agreement?
   1. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).
   2. Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN).
   3. East African Community (EAC).
   4. South East Asian Alliance (SEAA).
   5. African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA).
10. Which of the following is not true?
    1. Businesses importing products into the European Union must ensure that products comply with the product safety requirements.
    2. All products imported into the EU are subject to common EU safety standards.
    3. EU product safety standards require that customers be warned of the risks that the products might pose and appropriate precautions they should take when using the products.
    4. EU product safety standards require that businesses notify the appropriate authorities when they become aware that a product has subsequently become dangerous.
11. Which of the following is not true?
    1. EU standards on product packaging require waste recovery of packaging through recycling and reuse programs.
    2. EU standards on product packaging require that the least possible amount of packaging be used.
    3. EU standards on product packaging require that the packaging clearly indicate what materials were used in its production.
    4. All of the above.
12. Which of the following is true?
    1. Terms such as "cognac" and "champagne" specify a region in which a product originates and are therefore subject to patent protection under EU intellectual property laws.
    2. Goods passing through the EU in transit to another destination are not subject to the same intellectual property laws as are goods destined for the EU.
    3. The only way to ensure that a mark receives trademark protection in all EU member states is to register it separately in each state.
    4. None of the above.
13. Which of the following is true?
    1. A manufacturer that sets up a network of distributors in the EU is free to restrict imports and exports of its products between countries within the EU as long as these restrictions are based upon member countries' borders and national markets.
    2. The EU can enforce its competition policy beyond its own borders.
    3. A vertical agreement between parties at different levels of the production process will always be found to be unlawful under EU law.
    4. None of the above.
14. Which of the following is true?
    1. CETA removes 98 percent of duties, taxes, and other import fees on goods traded between the EU and Canada.
    2. CETA is a unique agreement that does not conform with any of the WTO agreements.
    3. The EU is an economic and monetary union which means that Canadian goods are subject to different tariffs from each EU member state.
    4. Under CETA duty-free treatment is applied to goods entering the EU based on CETA Chapter 8: Investment Protection. 15. The Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA) created an independent and transparent institutionalized dispute-settlement tribunal which includes:
       1. A revised process for selecting tribunal members
       2. Additional ethical requirements for tribunal members
       3. A unique appeal process and a robust enforcement mechanism
       4. All of the above statements are correct.