All questions must be answered. Your answers should make reference to cases and statutory provisions where relevant.

1. What is the ratio decidendi of a case? Briefly explain the ratio decidendi of Hochster v De La Tour (1853) 118 ER 922.

2. Is a judge in the County Court of Victoria required to follow a precedent established by a judge in the High Court of Australia? Explain why the hierarchy of the various court systems is an integral part of the doctrine of precedent.

3. Barbara entered into a contract to buy a very rare piece of painting from Sonya. Sonya has had a change of heart and wants to keep the painting. Barbara is devastated. Advise Barbara whether a court is likely to order specific performance of this contract.

4. Which of the following buyers would be classified as a consumer within the meaning of section 3 of the Australian Consumer Law (ACL)? a) A baker who purchases a van for $39,990 to be used in the delivery of bread to nearby cafes. b) A jeweller who purchases a ring for $20,000 for use in their jewellery business. c) A butcher who purchases meat for use in a BBQ dinner in their home.