1. Amazon.com, Inc. reported the following income statement details for the year ended December 31, 2023:

Item	Amount (in millions)
Net Sales	$469,814
Cost of Sales	$310,263
Gross Profit	$159,551
Operating Expenses	$133,434
Operating Income	$26,117
Interest Expense	$1,677
Income Before Taxes	$27,832
Income Tax Expense	$7,689
Net Income	$20,143

1. a. Calculate Amazon.com, Inc.'s gross profit margin. b. Determine the operating income margin for Amazon.com, Inc. c. Discuss the impact of Amazon.com, Inc.'s interest expense on its profitability. d. Analyze the effective tax rate of Amazon.com, Inc. and its implications.