Amazon.com, Inc. uses the LIFO method for inventory costing. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, the following data is available:

Inventory Details	Units	Cost per Unit ($)
Beginning Inventory	50,000	$20.00
Purchases
- March 1	70,000	$22.00
- July 1	80,000	$24.00
Sales
- Units Sold	150,000
Ending Inventory	50,000

Amazon.com, Inc. sold 150,000 units during the year. Calculate the COGS using the LIFO method, determine the value of ending inventory, explain how LIFO impacts financial statements, discuss its effect on Amazon.com, Inc.’s financial ratios, and analyze its operational implications.