An all-equity firm consists of a single project that will produce a perpetual cash flow of either $100M (good state) or $30M (bad state) next year. The probability of the good state is 30 percent. The beta of the asset cash flows is 1.25 and the risk-free rate is 3 percent and the market risk premium is 8 percent. There are 6M shares outstanding. Suppose the firm announces it will issue $40M in perpetual debt. The debt has an interest rate of 8 percent. If ___ are 30 percent, we would expect the firm's share price to increase after the announcement.

agency costs

corporate taxes

bankruptcy costs