1. An article published in the American Educational Research Journal (Fall 1998)used multiple regression to model the students' perceptions of their ability in science classes. The sample consisted of 165 Grade 5-Grade 8 students in six performance-based science classrooms, all of which use hands-on activities as the main teaching tool. The dependent variable of interest, the student's perception of his or her ability (y), was measured on a four-point scale (where 1 = little or no ability and 4 = high ability). Two types of independent variables were included in the model, control variablesand performance behaviour variables. The control variables are prior science aptitude (measured on a 4-point scale), score on standardised science test, gender, and classroom (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6). The performance behaviour variables (all measured on a numerical scale between 0 and 1) are: active-leading behaviour, passive assisting behaviour, and acting-manipulating behaviour.

1. Identify the independent variables as quantitative or qualitative.

1. Individual -tests on the independent variables all had p-values greater than .10 except for prior science attitude, gender, and active-leading behaviour. Which variables appear to contribute to the prediction of a student's perception of his or her ability in science?

1. The estimated -value for the active-leading behaviour variable is .88 with a standard error of .34. Use this information to construct a 95% confidence interval for this . Interpret the interval.

1. The following statistics for evaluating the overall predictive power of the model were reported: R = .48, F= 12.84, p < .001. Interpret the results.

1. Hypothesize the equation of the first-order main effects model for E(y).