An easy method of classifying an attack as "cyberwarfare" is if the attack was in some way sponsored by a nation state, and is done with the intention to weaken a foreign nation.$$

However, the definition has many problems. It can often be impossible to know if an attack was sponsored by the nation state, or what the end intention of the attack is$.$An alternative method might be to focus on the outcome of the attack, and whether the outcome had deadly consequences. But then it may have been a criminal or terrorist within a country, and not the nations choice.$$

How can we balance these two competing possibilities in reality? How would you propose we define an act of cyber attack as "cyber warfare", rather than as a "typical cyber attack"? There are obviously no right or wrong answers here $($as a hint, we don't really have a good way $-$though some are less bad than others!$)$

Write a brief report on the above question and include the references at the end.