An increase in the rate of saving will... a. Lead to a short-run reduction in national income, but to higher economic growth in the long run. O b. Lead to a reduction in consumption and, therefore, to both a short- and long-run decrease in national income. O c. Cause an immediate increase in national income, but may cause a drop in national income in the long-ru O d. Have no effect on a country's growth rate. O e. Always be offset by a reduction in private investment