An officeratAirForceSpace Commandnoticedthatoperatorsthatwerefatigueddidnotseemtoperform aswell asthoseoperatorsthatwerewell rested.Hewasinterested ifthisobservation wasstatistically significantandifaddedautomationcouldhelpmitigate anynegative effectsoffatigueonmonitoringand controllingsatellites.Hedesignedastudytolookintothisquestion.Herecruitedvolunteerswillingto participateinasleepstudy.Participantswould initially berestricted insleepforafewnights,thenwould come in andperform tasksinasimulatorthatwere representativeofoperationaltasks. Participantswould thenbe requiredtosleep8hoursanightforafewnights,thenwouldcome inandperform thetasksin thesimulatoragain.Asub-setofthesimulatortaskswereatalowlevelofautomationandtheremaining simulatortaskswereatahighlevel ofautomation.

a)Whatis/arethestudyindependentvariable(s)?Foreachvariableyouprovide,state whetheritisanexperimentalorobservationalfactor,andwhattheassociatedlevels areforthe factor.

b)Howmanytreatmentsare beingexaminedinthisstudy?

c) Isthisstudyexperimental,observational,ormixed?Justifyyouranswer.

d)Isthisabetweensubjects,withinsubjects,ormixedstudydesign?Justifyyouranswer.

e)List2potentialconfoundingfactorstothisstudy.