Analyzing and Interpreting Pension Disclosures DowDuPoint's 10-K report has the following disclosures related to its retirement plans ($ millions). Obligations and Funded Status ($ millions) December 31, 2018 Change in projected benefit obligations Benefit obligations at beginning of year $57,401 Service cost 651 Interest cost 1,638 Plan participants' contributions 29 Acturarial changes in assumptions and experience (2,832) Benefits paid (3,223) Plan amendments 34 Acquisitions/divestitures/other (57) Effect of foreign exchange rates (627) Benefit obligation at end of year $53,014 Change in plan assets Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $43,685 Actual gain on plan assets (1,524) Employer contributions 2,964 Plan participants' contributions 29 Benefits paid (3,223) Acquisitions/divestitures/other (7) Effect of foreign exchange rates (462) Fair value of plan assets at end of year $41,462 Funded status U.S. plan with plan assets $(6,956) Non-U.S. plans with plan assets (2,751) All other plans (1,845) Funded status at end of year $(11,552) Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost (5 millions) December 31, 2018 Net periodic benefit Service cost $651 Interest cost 1,638 Expected return on plan assets (2,846) Amortization of prior service cost (24) Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss 649 Curtailment/settlement/other (10) Net periodic benefit costs --Total $58 Weighted average assumptions used to Determine Net periodic benefit cost for years ended Dec. 31 Discount Rate Expected return on plan assets Rate of compensation increase 2018 2017 3.80% 3.26% 6.68% 6.94% 3.95% 3.88% The following benefit payments, which reflect future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid: ( ($ millions) Pension Benefits 2019 $3,197 2020 3,172 2021 2022 3,198 2023 3,219 2024-2028 16,078 3,182 Total $32,046 HINT: Do not use negative signs with your answers. (a) How much pension expense (revenue) does DowDuPont report in its 2018 income statement? DowDuPont reports pension of 5 million (b) DowDuPont reports a $2,846 million expected return on pension plan assets as an offset to 2018 pension expense. Estimate what the expected return would have been had DowDupont not changed the assumption on the expected return in 2018. (Round your dollar answers to the nearest whole number.) $ million What is DowDuPont's actual gain or loss realized on its 2018 pension plan assets? ($ million) (c) What main factors affected DowDuPont's pension liability during 2018? Investment gains and employer contributions increased the plan assets. Service costs, interest costs, and actuarial losses increased the pension liability, and benefit payments reduced the liability. Benefits were paid directly by the company and did not affect plan assets Investment gains and employer contributions increased the plan assets, and benefits paid reduced plan assets. Service costs and actuarial losses increased the pension liability, and benefit payments reduced the liability. Interest reflects the amount the company paid to its lenders and did not affect the pension obligation directly. Investment gains and employer contributions increased the plan assets, and benefits paid reduced plan assets. Service costs and interest costs increased the pension liability, and benefit payments and actuarial gains reduced the liability, Investment gains and employer contributions increased the plan assets, and benefits paid reduced plan assets. Service costs, interest costs and actuarial losses decreased the pension liability, and benefit payments reduced the liability (d) What does the term funded status mean? "Funded status" reveals how much cash the plan has. "Funded status" reflects the contributions that the company has made to the plan. "Funded status" is the excess or deficiency of the pension obligation over plan assets. "Funded status" refers to the extent to which the plan assets are invested in mutual funds. What is the funded status of the 2018 DowDuPont pension plans? DowDuPont's pension plan is by s million