Answer the 2 free-response questions below

Free Response 1. Read the following brief article about aspirin and alcohol. Aspirin may enhance impairment by alcohol Aspirin, a long time antidote for the side effects of drinking, may actually enhance alcohol's effect, researchers at the Bronx Veterans' Affairs Medical Center say. In a report on a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, the researchers said they found that aspirin significantly lowered the body's ability to break down alcohol in the stomach. As a result, five volunteers who had a standard breakfast and two extra-strength aspirin tablets an hour before drinking had blood alcohol levels 30 percent higher than each had when they drank alcohol alone. Each volunteer consumed the equivalent of a glass and a half of wine. (a) Explain why this is an experiment and not an observational study. (b) Identify the explanatory and response variables. a) 3 points (c) In the second sentence above is the phrase, "...researchers said they found that aspirin b) 2 points significantly lowered the body's ability to break down alcohol..." What is the statistical meaning c) 3 points of the word "significantly" in the context of this study? d) 2 points (d) This was a controlled experiment. Describe how it was controlled and explain the purpose of doing so. 2. High blood pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries and may increase the risk of heart attacks. If not treated, this condition can also lead to heart failure, kidney failure, or stroke. We wish to test the effectiveness of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors as a treatment for high blood pressure. a) 3 points (a) It is well known that men and women may react differently to common cardiovascular drug b) 1 point treatments. What sort of experimental design would you choose for this study, and why? (b) Explain why an experiment involving 600 men and 500 women is preferable to one involving c) 6 points 60 men and 50 women. (c) Assume that 600 men and 500 women suffering from high blood pressure are available for the study. Describe a design for this experiment. Be sure to include a description of how you assign individuals to the treatment groups