Arief is an Indonesian who visits Singapore regularly. Three months ago, he travelled to Singapore to visit his friends at Tampines. During his visit, he is knocked down by a car driven by Melissa, a Singaporean. Arief returns to Indonesia where he incurs significant medical expenses and decides to commence legal proceedings against Melissa.

Arief is concerned with the following and has approached you for legal advice:

a) Arief is determined to commence legal action in Indonesia. He wants to know if it is possible for him to commence the legal action in the Courts of Indonesia.

b) Based on the above, he would like to know if he could rely on Indonesian law to initiate his legal action against Melissa.

c) He wants to know the differences between the Common law and Civil law systems. Advise Arief which legal system applies in Singapore and Indonesia.

d) Arief is curious to know more about Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and if it is possible for him to use ADR to claim for damages.