Arnold has substantial investment and savings that will more than meet his needs for retirement. His main concern is about insuring his estate to compensate for taxes so that his heirs are not burdened with excessive taxes upon his death. He asks Alice to prepare an insurance plan for him. Alice, who works on commission, is knowledgeable in most of the insurance products. However, she is particularly well- versed in the advantages of universal life insurances and recommends a universal plan to Arnold without considering other possibilities. The universal life policy will cost Arnold substantially more than a term or whole life policy and will earn Alice substantially more in commission. Alice has violated:

a)The principle of Impartiality

b)The principle of Competence

c)The principle of Integrity

d) The principle of Objectivity