As a firm takes on more debt, its probability of bankruptcy increases Other factors held constant, a firm whose earnings are relatively volatile faces a greater chance of bankruptcy. Therefore, when other factors are held constant, a firm whose earnings are relatively volatile should use less debt than a more stable firm. When bankruptcy costs become more important, they reduce the tax benefits of debt. Green Goose Automation Company currently has no debt in its capital structure, but it is considering using some debt and reducing its outstanding equity. The firm's unlevered beta is 1.25, and its cost of equity is 13.50%. Because the firm has no debt in its capital structure, its weighted average cost of capital (WACC) also equals 13.50%. The risk-free rate of interest (TRF) is 3.5%, and the market risk premium (RP) is 8%. Green Goose's marginal tax rate is 40%. Green Goose is examining how different levels of debt will affect its costs of debt and equity, as well as its WACC. The firm has collected the financial information that follows to analyze its weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Complete the following table. Bond Rating Before-Tax Cost of Debt - (ra) D/A Ratio 0.0 0.2 E/A Ratio 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Cost of Equity (rs) 13.50% 15.02% 17.50% Levered Beta (b) 1.25 - 1.75 2.38 4.25 WACC 13.50% 12.99% 8.1% 8.5% 0.4 BBB D/E Ratio 0.00 0.25 0.67 1.50 4.20 4.20 4.00 3.20 3.60 229 10.9% 0.6 0.8 BB 12.94% 13.9% 37.50%