As Ava, the mediator, began to plan for a mediation session, she began to consider who should be present. She knew that Tony and Diana should, since the two sides of the dispute saw them as their representatives, but Ava was uncertain whether to involve the city's representative.

Ava asked Marcus, the president of the neighborhood improvement group, "Does the city have any rules or requirements that contribute to the conflict?"

"No," Marcus replied. "They tell us that they will take down the playground and put up a parking lot if we want it, or they will make other arrangements if we can give them a plan. But they say they'll leave the decision up to us."

Ava decided that the representative from the city did not have to be a part of the mediation.

Which of the following answers best describes why Ava did not think the city representative needed to be present?

• The parties do not have a data-based conflict, but providing more information from the city could start one.
• The parties have a values-based conflict, and the city does not share either of the party's values.
• The parties do not have a structural conflict, because their needs are not being affected by city rules or procedures.
• The parties have a relationship-based conflict with the city for creating the situation by making the offer.