As his last piece of research before contacting the mayor$$s office, Daniel spoke with Sam, the owner of the local grocery store.

Sam told Daniel, $$It$$s been hard making a go of my business since the neighborhood became wealthier. Everyone talks about how $$quaint$$ it is having a neighborhood grocery store, but most people do all of their shopping at the big markets when they drive home from work. But people in other neighborhoods around here would love to shop at my store if they could get here. So sure, I$$d love to see the light rail come in$.$

Daniel asked why Sam had not been more actively involved in the conflict over the light rail station. Sam replied, $$I$$ve seen the neighborhood change a lot during the years, and I$$ve learned that sometimes getting involved is more trouble than it$$s worth. For example, when the public housing complex issue came up$,$ a lot of people were opposed to it$,$ not just Carl. They didn$$t speak up$,$ though, for fear of what people would think of them. Carl did, and while I$\text{'}$m not saying I agreed with him, it's wrong that everyone shuns him for speaking his mind. This started way before he put things on the Internet.$$

Select the true statement about parties in a conflict.

People who are affected by the conflict's outcome, but don't speak up$,$ are still direct parties in the conflict.

An intervener should avoid speaking to indirect parties because they don't have a clear view of the conflict.

Indirect parties can become direct parties by trying to influence the conflict's outcome.

Direct parties and indirect parties typically have negative views of each other.