As of January $1,2023,$ the stock ownership of QRS Corp. was as follows:

On December $31,2023,$ QRS Corp. paid Edward $$100,000$ and he surrendered ten $(10)$ shares of his stock.

QRS Corp also paid Vicky $$50,000$ and she surrendered five $(5)$ shares of her stock.

a$)$ Immediately prior to the December $31$ transaction, Hal's total ownership interest in QRS Corp was

equal to percent, consisting of shares owned directly and shares owned indirectly

b$)$ Immediately prior to the December $31$ transaction, Edward's total ownership interest in QRS Corp

was equal to percent, consisting of shares owned directly and shares owned indirectly.

c$)$ Does the redemption of Edward's ten $(10)$ shares qualify for sale or exchange treatment? If so$,$

why? If not, why not?

d$)$ Immediately prior to the December $31$ transaction, Vicky's total ownership interest in QRS Corp

was equal to percent, consisting of shares owned directly and shares owned indirectly.

e$)$ Does the redemption of Vicky's five $(5)$ shares qualify for sale or exchange treatment? If so$,$ why?

If not, why not?