Assess the impact programs such as LOSA, ASAP, and ASRS have had on aviation safety. Why were these programs started, and what did they hope to achieve? In your discussion, analyze the benefits of both direct observation of aircrew (LOSA) and anonymous self-reporting systems (ASAP/ASRS). Determine if there are any potential negative aspects of such programs and why participation was slow to catch on in some segments of aviation. How do these programs relate to airline CRM programs?