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Assignment: Chi-Square Test and Goodness of Fit Using R In this assignment, use R to understand the correlation between Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) and crime

Assignment: Chi-Square Test and Goodness of Fit Using R

In this assignment, use R to understand the correlation between Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) and crime types. Please use thebelow census 2015 crime dataset (CSV)Download census 2015 crime dataset (CSV) for assignment.

  • Question 1: Calculate Chi-Square of MSA and Crime type.
    • Tips:
      • chisq.test() is a function used to perform the chi-square test.
      • There are missing values in the crime data that you need to replace them with zero.
      • Because the numbers reported for the crimes are per 100K of population, they are not whole numbers. So, prior to your analysis, please use ROUND function of Excel to make them whole numbers.
      • The data does not have a variable called Crime Type, but different types of crimes are reported in the dataset.
      • In order for R to understand that the data is a contingency table, MSA should not be included in the table you are giving to your chisq.test(). If you add MSA to the table and input it to your chisq.test(), R would think MSA is also a category of crime. Therefore, as chisq.test() requires a contingency table, R thinks MSA must be a number. So, you will get an error.
      • Please do not include state and city into your analysis, as they are irrelevant.
    • Question 2: Are MSA and Crime Type independent or dependent? Assume an alpha level of 0.01 and discuss your answer.

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MSA Murder Rape Robbery aggravated assault PropertyCrime Burglary Theft MotorVehicleTheft State City
Abilene, TX M.S.A. 5.3 56 78.4 272.8 3,609.00 852 2,493.60 263.4 TX Abilene
Akron, OH M.S.A. 5.1 38.2 75.2 119.8 2,552.40 575.3 1,853.00 124.1 OH Akron
Albany, GA M.S.A. 7.8 30.4 157.9 471.8 3,894.10 1,099.60 2,652.80 141.7 GA Albany
Albany, OR M.S.A. 2.5 28.2 20.7 63 3,208.40 484.6 2,476.10 247.7 OR Albany
Albuquerque, NM M.S.A. 6.1 63.8 206.7 516 4,607.80 883.4 3,047.60 676.9 NM Albuquerque
Alexandria, LA M.S.A. 4.5 35.5 120.1 776.3 4,565.90 1,167.00 3,083.70 315.2 LA Alexandria
Altoona, PA M.S.A. 0.8 28.7 25.5 161.6 1,430.20 218.9 1,163.60 47.8 PA Altoona
Amarillo, TX M.S.A. 3.4 72 107.1 356.1 3,827.40 763.2 2,743.20 321 TX Amarillo
Ames, IA M.S.A. 1 47.2 19.9 90.3 1,848.30 311.7 1,462.00 74.5 IA Ames
Anchorage, AK M.S.A. 8.2 165.6 199.1 666.6 4,030.10 554.9 3,087.50 387.7 AK Anchorage
Ann Arbor, MI M.S.A. 1.9 57 51.4 209.2 1,791.90 290.4 1,417.40 84.2 MI Ann Arbor
Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville, AL M.S.A. 8.7 53.9 86 550.7 3,295.80 1,012.90 2,160.40 122.5 AL Oxford
Appleton, WI M.S.A. 0.4 24.1 8.6 105.7 1,394.90 206.6 1,154.70 33.5 WI Appleton
Asheville, NC M.S.A. 2.7 19.5 50.2 129.7 2,158.80 592.6 1,436.60 129.7 NC Asheville
Athens-Clarke County, GA M.S.A. 2.5 41.3 67.7 214.2 3,105.50 675.4 2,272.70 157.4 GA Athens
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA M.S.A. 6.2 21.4 151.7 221.7 3,069.80 629.4 2,113.20 327.2 GA Atlanta
Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ M.S.A.2 6.9 21.1 187 199 2,817.30 525 2,210.10 82.2 NJ West Atlantic City
Austin-Round Rock, TX M.S.A.2 2.2 44.9 61.2 179.4 2,672.80 415.7 2,096.80 160.2 TX Austin
Bakersfield, CA M.S.A. 7.3 32.2 130.2 386.6 3,439.30 954.3 1,881.10 603.9 CA Bakersfield
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD M.S.A. 13.1 29.8 239 342.8 2,625.00 517.6 1,823.00 284.4 MD Baltimore
Bangor, ME M.S.A. 2 9.1 17.6 38.5 1,984.50 337 1,604.40 43.1 ME Bangor
Barnstable Town, MA M.S.A. 1.4 49.4 28.9 439.1 1,722.50 475.9 1,170.70 75.9 MA
Baton Rouge, LA M.S.A. 11.1 33.9 140.9 293.1 3,499.40 780 2,586.60 132.8 LA Baton Rouge
Battle Creek, MI M.S.A. 3 104 60.9 391.4 2,838.60 744.2 2,000.80 93.6 MI Battle Creek
Bay City, MI M.S.A. 0 80.3 36.8 166.3 2,100.40 497 1,520.20 83.1 MI Bay City
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX M.S.A. 6.9 42.5 121 351.8 2,818.00 783.5 1,865.80 168.7 TX Beaumont
Beckley, WV M.S.A. 6.5 40.8 84.8 308.2 3,027.00 826.9 2,059.00 141.1 WV Beckley
Bellingham, WA M.S.A. 2.8 42.7 29.9 120 2,960.80 539.2 2,293.50 128.1 WA Bellingham
Bend-Redmond, OR M.S.A. 1.7 38.3 18.9 117.9 2,364.10 299.3 1,967.50 97.3 OR Bend
Billings, MT M.S.A. 5.9 48.5 44.4 262.2 3,694.30 465.8 2,695.90 532.7 MT Billings
Binghamton, NY M.S.A. 2.8 71.6 62.7 137.6 2,534.10 410.7 2,070.90 52.5 NY Binghamton
Birmingham-Hoover, AL M.S.A. 11.1 46.2 157.7 467.1 3,344.90 817.6 2,262.00 265.3 AL Birmingham
Bismarck, ND M.S.A. 3.1 37.1 13.1 173.8 1,667.60 188.5 1,320.10 159.1 ND Bismarck
Bloomington, IL M.S.A. 0 61.8 32 158.2 1,668.60 322.2 1,278.30 68.1 IL Bloomington
Bloomington, IN M.S.A. 1.8 44.8 47.2 183.9 2,557.10 492.5 1,907.30 157.3 IN Bloomington
Bloomsburg-Berwick, PA M.S.A 1.2 22.2 7 122.4 1,325.80 240.2 1,057.60 28 PA Bloomsburg
Boise City, ID M.S.A. 1.8 49.3 13.7 169.1 1,725.30 315.3 1,286.40 123.6 ID Boise
Boulder, CO M.S.A.3 0.9 67.4 22.6 2,134.80 331 1,689.00 114.7 CO Boulder
Bowling Green, KY M.S.A. 0.6 44.2 52 76.5 2,405.60 477.2 1,784.90 143.5 KY Bowling Green
Bremerton-Silverdale, WA M.S.A. 3.1 46.9 37.1 168.5 2,746.50 567 1,984.00 195.5 WA Bremerton
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT M.S.A. 2.5 21.8 76.9 100.3 1,473.20 236.6 1,090.90 145.7 CT Bridgeport
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX M.S.A. 1.6 44.3 61.5 192.4 3,229.70 567.9 2,589.00 72.8 TX Brownsville
Brunswick, GA M.S.A. 2.6 26 83.9 245.7 3,337.50 827.2 2,321.60 188.6 GA Brunswick
Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls, NY M.S.A. 4.4 33.1 132.8 231.5 2,413.50 474.4 1,805.70 133.4 NY Buffalo
Burlington, NC M.S.A. 5.1 19.8 64.4 306.1 2,475.90 708.4 1,666.10 101.4 NC Burlington
Burlington-South Burlington, VT M.S.A. 0.9 23 21.7 82.9 1,955.40 375.4 1,564.30 15.7 VT Burlington
California-Lexington Park, MD M.S.A. 0.9 18 45.8 201.4 2,055.10 490 1,503.10 62 MD California
Canton-Massillon, OH M.S.A. 3.2 43.6 91.1 185.9 2,568.20 652.4 1,799.40 116.3 OH Canton
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL M.S.A. 4.4 29.5 80.9 241.3 1,801.20 407 1,270.80 123.4 FL Cape Coral
Cape Girardeau, MO-IL M.S.A. 3.1 46.8 69.1 328.4 2,939.60 602 2,176.00 161.7 MO Cape Girardeau
Carson City, NV M.S.A. 1.8 3.7 36.6 272.6 1,829.70 336.7 1,341.20 151.9 NV Carson City
Casper, WY M.S.A. 1.2 39.9 26.6 166.7 2,513.40 402.2 1,984.40 126.8 WY Casper
Cedar Rapids, IA M.S.A. 3 18.8 43.7 123.9 2,350.40 532.3 1,681.70 136.4 IA Cedar Rapids
Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA M.S.A. 2 37.8 43 76.8 1,619.80 307.3 1,233.10 79.4 PA Chambersburg
Charleston, WV M.S.A. 8.1 52.9 93.1 376.1 3,597.10 783.4 2,533.80 279.8 WV Charleston
Charleston-North Charleston, SC M.S.A. 8.5 39 77.1 274.4 2,860.10 546 2,081.40 232.6 SC Charleston
Charlottesville, VA M.S.A. 1.3 35.5 31.5 96.3 1,514.50 252.2 1,199.20 63 VA Charlottesville
Chattanooga, TN-GA M.S.A. 5.8 36.1 81.1 406.9 3,418.30 662.9 2,476.10 279.3 TN Chattanooga
Cheyenne, WY M.S.A. 7.2 17.5 9.3 143.4 2,581.90 443.6 1,997.00 141.3 WY Cheyenne
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI M.S.A. 7.1 30.8 137.1 202.6 2,013.90 328.9 1,520.20 164.8 IL Chicago
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL M.D. 7.7 32.8 160.8 228.9 2,077.30 339.2 1,554.10 183.9 IL Chicago
Elgin, IL M.D. 1.6 28.5 37.2 122 1,342.20 188.1 1,112.00 42.1 IL Elgin
Gary, IN M.D. 11.9 19.3 91.7 146 2,560.70 440.2 1,916.30 204.2 IN Gary
Lake County-Kenosha County, IL-WI M.D. 2.2 24 46.9 85.9 1,527.60 254.9 1,212.20 60.5 IL Kenosha
Chico, CA M.S.A. 3.1 52.4 65.3 224.8 3,350.40 843.5 2,086.30 420.6 CA Chico
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN M.S.A. 4.6 37.2 104.4 113.1 2,781.00 576.7 2,077.80 126.5 OH Cincinnati
Clarksville, TN-KY M.S.A. 6 34.7 48.8 315.2 2,410.70 488.2 1,815.00 107.5 TN Clarksville
Cleveland, TN M.S.A. 6.6 25.7 40.6 410.2 3,323.90 615.7 2,462.00 246.1 TN Cleveland
Coeur d'Alene, ID M.S.A. 1.3 45.4 22 190.9 2,176.10 465.8 1,592.90 117.4 ID Coeur d'Alene
College Station-Bryan, TX M.S.A. 4.5 59.9 46.2 204.9 2,544.70 451.9 1,982.60 110.1 TX College Station
Colorado Springs, CO M.S.A. 3.7 66 58.1 231.5 2,849.90 432.9 2,135.20 281.7 CO Colorado Springs
Columbia, MO M.S.A. 3.4 53.6 90.2 283 2,684.60 582.6 1,933.70 168.3 MO Columbia
Columbia, SC M.S.A. 6.9 49.7 99.3 494.7 3,464.00 627.8 2,466.40 369.8 SC Columbia
Columbus, GA-AL M.S.A. 6.9 37.3 195.3 229.2 4,340.70 1,019.80 2,914.00 406.9 GA Columbus
Columbus, IN M.S.A. 1.2 33.3 24.7 49.4 3,286.70 459.1 2,582.00 245.6 IN Columbus
Columbus, OH M.S.A.2 4.7 56.9 134.7 101.7 2,869.30 588.6 2,082.90 197.8 OH Columbus
Corpus Christi, TX M.S.A. 5.1 74.6 95.5 430.1 3,370.50 697.4 2,521.40 151.7 TX Corpus Christi
Corvallis, OR M.S.A. 2.3 40.2 19.5 55.1 2,643.60 358.5 2,195.50 89.6 OR Corvallis
Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL M.S.A. 4.9 34.7 36.6 295.5 2,374.20 469.3 1,800.80 104 FL Fort Walton Beach
Cumberland, MD-WV M.S.A. 4 33.1 61.3 176.8 2,732.00 591.6 2,068.10 72.3 MD Cumberland
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX M.S.A.2 4 41.3 112.4 179.8 2,554.30 503.1 1,792.50 258.7 TX Dallas
Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX M.D. 4.4 38.5 129.7 158.1 2,434.00 495.6 1,647.90 290.5 TX Dallas
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX M.D.2 3.4 46.8 78.6 222.4 2,790.90 517.8 2,077.00 196.2 TX Fort Worth
Dalton, GA M.S.A. 2.1 32.1 20.2 211.4 2,767.40 618.8 1,986.10 162.5 GA Dalton
Danville, IL M.S.A. 0 121.4 122.7 536.2 3,664.80 1,244.40 2,290.20 130.3 IL Danville
Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL M.S.A. 1.5 21.5 36.7 135.6 2,064.50 357.4 1,627.30 79.8 AL Daphne
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL M.S.A. 2.6 58.7 65.2 259.6 2,510.30 492.8 1,883.70 133.8 IA Davenport
Dayton, OH M.S.A. 4.6 58.5 114.1 128.2 2,919.10 710 2,028.20 181 OH Dayton
Decatur, AL M.S.A. 3.9 24.2 37.3 155.9 2,354.90 573.8 1,631.70 149.4 AL Decatur
Decatur, IL M.S.A. 5.6 38.1 117.2 239.1 2,618.70 671.7 1,869.80 77.2 IL Decatur
Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL M.S.A. 3.9 29 61.5 354.6 2,861.80 517.4 2,152.70 191.7 FL Daytona Beach
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO M.S.A.3, 4 3.8 63.6 84.8 210 388.3 CO Denver
Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA M.S.A. 3.4 37.3 54 272.8 2,349.80 525.3 1,609.60 215 IA Des Moines
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI M.S.A. 8.9 45.4 120.7 323 2,008.40 425.3 1,326.50 256.6 MI Detroit
Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia, MI M.D. 19.3 57.2 247 577.9 2,935.80 700.9 1,769.30 465.7 MI Detroit
Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills, MI M.D. 1.6 37.4 33.9 147.7 1,371.00 235.8 1,022.40 112.8 MI Warren
Dothan, AL M.S.A. 3.4 35.7 49.9 260.7 2,554.00 641.4 1,771.80 140.8 AL Dothan
Dover, DE M.S.A. 6.3 49.9 67.6 347.2 2,598.50 366.1 2,151.60 80.8 DE Dover
Dubuque, IA M.S.A. 5.2 33 28.9 119.5 2,294.70 721.3 1,499.20 74.2 IA Dubuque
Duluth, MN-WI M.S.A. 1.4 54.3 29.3 157.8 3,171.00 558.8 2,452.60 159.6 MN Duluth
East Stroudsburg, PA M.S.A. 1.2 36.9 62.3 90.7 2,264.10 511 1,696.30 56.8 PA East Stroudsburg
Eau Claire, WI M.S.A. 0 21.1 12.1 95.9 1,669.10 278.7 1,305.40 85.1 WI Eau Claire
El Centro, CA M.S.A. 1.1 16.1 72.8 324.9 3,457.80 773.2 2,330.70 353.8 CA El Centro
Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY M.S.A. 3.3 22.4 21.1 58 1,232.20 272 904.2 56 KY Elizabethtown
Elkhart-Goshen, IN M.S.A. 2 24.6 63.6 309.9 1,992.40 422.2 1,398.70 171.5 IN Elkhart
Elmira, NY M.S.A. 2.3 30.9 48.1 100.8 1,996.40 315 1,635.60 45.8 NY Elmira
El Paso, TX M.S.A. 2.7 43.7 52.6 255.3 1,825.10 220.8 1,491.70 112.6 TX El Paso
Enid, OK M.S.A. 1.6 48.6 31.4 202.4 3,163.00 731.1 2,304.80 127.1 OK Enid
Erie, PA M.S.A. 4 33.8 61.6 135 2,052.00 444.6 1,540.80 66.6 PA Erie
Eugene, OR M.S.A. 3.6 43.1 56.6 226.4 3,285.80 548.6 2,498.80 238.3 OR Eugene
Evansville, IN-KY M.S.A. 2.5 34.8 80.4 218.8 2,872.40 521.3 2,188.00 163.1 IN Evansville
Fairbanks, AK M.S.A. 2.9 45.9 77.4 358.5 3,946.40 458.9 3,146.20 341.3 AK Fairbanks
Fargo, ND-MN M.S.A. 2.6 49.8 27.9 169.1 2,403.40 451.8 1,766.20 185.4 ND Fargo
Farmington, NM M.S.A. 4.1 91.9 45.1 301.9 2,213.30 405.3 1,631.70 176.4 NM Farmington
Flagstaff, AZ M.S.A. 2.2 61.3 36 263.1 2,792.30 287.6 2,441.30 63.4 AZ Flagstaff
Flint, MI M.S.A. 12.9 64.6 107.5 396.3 2,485.70 707.2 1,632.90 145.6 MI Flint
Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL M.S.A. 1.4 36.6 40 227.1 2,442.40 588.4 1,681.80 172.2 AL Florence
Fond du Lac, WI M.S.A. 1 51.1 12.8 149.4 1,380.20 179.9 1,146.30 54.1 WI Fond du Lac
Fort Collins, CO M.S.A. 2.1 27.4 21.1 148.4 2,229.00 281.4 1,819.40 128.2 CO Fort Collins
Fort Smith, AR-OK M.S.A. 3.2 46.9 52.3 343.6 3,377.00 728.8 2,476.40 171.8 AR Fort Smith
Fort Wayne, IN M.S.A. 6.5 30.5 122.2 128.8 2,328.30 434.7 1,782.30 111.3 IN Fort Wayne
Fresno, CA M.S.A. 6.1 32.5 136.9 361.8 3,439.40 751.3 2,196.60 491.5 CA Fresno
Gadsden, AL M.S.A. 3.9 63 83.4 382 3,998.70 878.5 2,848.70 271.5 AL Gadsden
Gainesville, FL M.S.A. 1.4 67.9 116.9 396.7 2,790.50 473.6 2,159.50 157.4 FL Gainesville
Gainesville, GA M.S.A. 2.6 22.2 35.6 128.4 1,845.10 373.5 1,328.80 142.9 GA Gainesville
Gettysburg, PA M.S.A. 0 34.4 13.8 87.5 983.9 243.8 705.7 34.4 PA Gettysburg
Glens Falls, NY M.S.A.4 0.8 67.9 9.5 92.4 173.7 21.3 NY Glens Falls
Goldsboro, NC M.S.A. 8.8 3.2 106.6 375.7 3,604.30 1,099.20 2,337.70 167.4 NC Goldsboro
Grand Forks, ND-MN M.S.A. 2.9 60.5 26.3 154.1 2,108.00 304.2 1,655.60 148.2 ND Grand Forks
Grand Island, NE M.S.A. 0 59.6 15.2 140.3 2,185.80 364.9 1,699.30 121.6 NE Grand Island
Grand Junction, CO M.S.A. 1.3 85.1 25.5 215.7 2,828.80 448.2 2,209.70 170.9 CO Grand Junction
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI M.S.A. 1.7 75.1 59.8 192.3 1,618.20 301.4 1,236.40 80.4 MI Grand Rapids
Grants Pass, OR M.S.A. 8.3 30.8 42.7 161.3 2,829.10 503 1,959.60 366.5 OR Grants Pass
Great Falls, MT M.S.A. 7.3 23 35.1 185.2 3,487.10 461.2 2,856.50 169.5 MT Great Falls
Greeley, CO M.S.A. 1.8 47 25.3 196.5 1,695.90 300.4 1,260.70 134.8 CO Greeley
Green Bay, WI M.S.A. 1.3 25 24.7 145.7 1,453.90 217.8 1,177.30 58.8 WI Green Bay
Greensboro-High Point, NC M.S.A. 5.6 21.1 114.9 256.5 2,968.60 760 2,071.60 137 NC Greensboro
Greenville, NC M.S.A. 7.9 31.1 97.2 297.8 2,817.80 687.1 2,055.00 75.7 NC Greenville
Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula, MS M.S.A. 6.7 36.8 67.1 122.7 3,707.40 828.1 2,665.80 213.5 MS Gulfport
Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV M.S.A. 4.2 20.7 68.1 167.7 2,123.70 494.9 1,515.00 113.7 MD Hagerstown
Hammond, LA M.S.A. 3.9 43.7 141.9 580 4,770.90 1,374.30 3,086.20 310.3 LA Hammond
Hanford-Corcoran, CA M.S.A. 3.3 41.4 68.8 350.3 2,607.60 532.7 1,713.20 361.6 CA Hanford
Harrisonburg, VA M.S.A. 0.8 36.5 11.4 97.2 1,555.70 302.3 1,200.90 52.4 VA Harrisonburg
Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT M.S.A. 4.4 22.5 94.7 131.2 2,175.40 325.4 1,637.00 213 CT Hartford
Hattiesburg, MS M.S.A. 4 23.4 32.7 97.6 3,024.90 790.6 2,162.80 71.5 MS Hattiesburg
Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort, SC M.S.A. 13.5 44.3 73.3 218.3 2,403.80 497.8 1,770.50 135.4 SC Bluffton
Hinesville, GA M.S.A. 1.2 10.7 60.9 231.6 2,270.30 490.6 1,656.80 122.9 GA
Homosassa Springs, FL M.S.A. 1.4 35.8 28.6 242.8 1,438.80 301.5 1,055.60 81.6 FL Spring
Houma-Thibodaux, LA M.S.A. 8 26.4 60.9 350.7 3,443.60 651.9 2,643.90 147.8 LA Houma
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX M.S.A.3 6.9 37.3 228.9 293.5 596.8 367.2 TX Houston
Huntsville, AL M.S.A. 6.1 48.2 102.2 328.5 2,954.60 639 2,086.40 229.1 AL Huntsville
Idaho Falls, ID M.S.A. 1.4 31.5 6.4 144.6 1,822.80 342.1 1,365.50 115.2 ID Idaho Falls
Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN M.S.A. 8.2 44.1 211.6 410.2 3,207.80 703.3 2,172.60 331.9 IN Indianapolis
Iowa City, IA M.S.A. 0.6 53.8 28.1 181 1,981.60 359.5 1,549.20 72.9 IA Iowa City
Jackson, MI M.S.A. 3.8 90.8 63.9 310 2,271.90 370.7 1,816.00 85.2 MI Jackson
Jackson, MS M.S.A. 11.6 31 152.7 164.1 2,687.40 682.2 1,778.00 227.2 MS Jackson
Jackson, TN M.S.A. 6.9 43 112.8 571.8 3,067.10 848.1 2,064.70 154.3 TN Jackson
Jacksonville, FL M.S.A. 7.5 44.4 110.1 331.7 2,951.50 553.4 2,203.50 194.5 FL Jacksonville
Jacksonville, NC M.S.A. 4.2 25.8 34.3 110.2 2,539.20 663.9 1,799.80 75.4 NC Jacksonville
Janesville-Beloit, WI M.S.A. 3.7 29.1 47.1 158.7 2,347.40 392.4 1,854.00 101 WI Janesville
Jefferson City, MO M.S.A. 1.3 31.8 38.4 187.2 1,919.10 346 1,469.90 103.2 MO Jefferson City
Johnson City, TN M.S.A. 5.5 19.8 30.3 246.5 2,428.90 475.1 1,851.20 102.7 TN Johnson City
Johnstown, PA M.S.A. 4.4 19.1 32.3 143.8 1,633.90 292 1,303.00 38.9 PA Johnstown
Jonesboro, AR M.S.A. 3.9 78 54.6 301.9 3,292.90 772.3 2,406.70 113.9 AR Jonesboro
Joplin, MO M.S.A. 5.1 52.8 60.1 213.3 3,875.60 681.9 2,853.40 340.4 MO Joplin
Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI M.S.A. 2.4 57 68.5 209.8 3,641.00 610.6 2,677.60 352.9 HI Kahului
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI M.S.A. 3.3 87.2 80.4 299.8 2,508.80 534.9 1,858.90 114.9 MI Kalamazoo
Kansas City, MO-KS M.S.A. 8.4 56.8 123.3 347.3 2,945.20 557.4 1,981.10 406.8 MO Kansas City
Kennewick-Richland, WA M.S.A. 2.9 36 27.5 116 2,115.70 392.5 1,602.20 121 WA Kennewick
Killeen-Temple, TX M.S.A. 5.6 67.4 63.5 203 2,559.90 582 1,855.20 122.8 TX Killeen
Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA M.S.A. 3.6 36.4 31.2 246.5 2,401.10 463.1 1,772.80 165.2 TN Bristol
Kingston, NY M.S.A. 0 53.4 22.8 93 1,496.60 227.7 1,229.90 39 NY Kingston
Knoxville, TN M.S.A. 3.4 32.7 65.4 310.7 2,904.40 600.8 2,099.50 204.2 TN Knoxville
Kokomo, IN M.S.A. 3.6 30.1 96.4 449.5 2,309.20 611 1,598.10 100 IN Kokomo
La Crosse-Onalaska, WI-MN M.S.A. 1.5 21.1 13.8 80.1 2,179.90 316.6 1,808.00 55.3 WI La Crosse
Lafayette, LA M.S.A. 7.8 18.4 79.8 298.5 3,146.10 668.8 2,253.40 223.8 LA Lafayette
Lafayette-West Lafayette, IN M.S.A. 1.9 36 59.3 194.8 2,509.30 503.6 1,847.30 158.4 IN Lafayette
Lake Charles, LA M.S.A.2 4.4 63.1 95.3 465.9 4,217.70 1,503.70 2,485.20 228.8 LA Lake Charles
Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ M.S.A. 2 26.9 27.9 144.2 2,877.00 679.2 2,027.70 170.2 AZ Lake Havasu City
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL M.S.A. 3.9 33.1 59.1 243.6 2,472.10 568 1,733.20 170.9 FL Lakeland
Lancaster, PA M.S.A. 3 42.5 51.1 83.9 1,422.00 212.1 1,164.30 45.5 PA Lancaster
Lansing-East Lansing, MI M.S.A. 3.6 70.7 70.5 280.2 1,873.30 423.5 1,319.30 130.5 MI Lansing
Laredo, TX M.S.A. 2.9 54.2 61.9 266.5 3,287.40 419.5 2,746.90 120.9 TX Laredo
Las Cruces, NM M.S.A. 2.8 38.8 31.8 187.9 3,085.50 561.4 2,353.50 170.6 NM Las Cruces
Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV M.S.A. 6.9 63.3 273 471.8 2,817.80 868.9 1,499.10 449.7 NV Las Vegas
Lawton, OK M.S.A. 7.6 46.5 163.2 526.9 3,636.90 1,008.70 2,422.30 205.9 OK Lawton
Lebanon, PA M.S.A. 2.9 18.3 31.4 132.9 1,549.10 256.2 1,208.20 84.7 PA Lebanon
Lewiston, ID-WA M.S.A. 6.4 54.3 28.7 124.5 3,019.10 647.9 2,176.60 194.7 ID Lewiston
Lewiston-Auburn, ME M.S.A. 0 39.2 28.9 69.9 1,774.10 353.3 1,349.90 70.9 ME Lewiston
Lexington-Fayette, KY M.S.A. 4 43.7 118.8 89.8 3,487.40 698.2 2,538.90 250.3 KY Lexington
Lima, OH M.S.A. 2.9 57.3 97.4 231 3,369.80 815.2 2,429.50 125.1 OH Lima
Lincoln, NE M.S.A. 0.3 65.3 67.1 197.3 2,954.30 442.9 2,391.60 119.7 NE Lincoln
Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR M.S.A. 8.6 52.3 136.7 527.2 4,125.50 809.2 3,023.20 293.1 AR Little Rock
Logan, UT-ID M.S.A. 0.8 33.1 2.3 25.5 1,201.20 208.1 950.3 42.8 UT Logan
Longview, TX M.S.A. 10.1 52.1 71.8 296.8 3,324.20 749.1 2,335.10 240.1 TX Longview
Longview, WA M.S.A. 2 65.4 52.7 181.6 3,182.40 624.8 2,284.30 273.3 WA Longview
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA M.S.A. 4.9 35.1 149.1 242.8 2,308.10 418.5 1,496.10 393.5 CA Los Angeles
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine, CA M.D. 1.8 24.4 70.4 130.7 2,148.90 330.6 1,545.30 273 CA Anaheim
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA M.D. 5.8 38.4 173.7 277.8 2,357.70 445.9 1,480.80 431.1 CA Los Angeles
Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN M.S.A. 7.5 26.2 143.8 245.4 3,258.00 683.7 2,235.80 338.5 KY Louisville
Lubbock, TX M.S.A. 5.5 70.7 147.8 601.4 4,529.40 966.8 3,223.10 339.6 TX Lubbock
Lynchburg, VA M.S.A. 3.5 29 27.9 120 1,455.20 230.3 1,155.70 69.3 VA Lynchburg
Macon-Bibb County, GA M.S.A. 9.5 24.3 118.5 167.5 3,578.00 858.6 2,429.00 290.4 GA Macon
Madera, CA M.S.A. 2.6 24.5 79.9 445.7 2,384.80 714.9 1,327.30 342.6 CA Madera
Madison, WI M.S.A. 2.7 29.7 46.8 132.7 1,956.70 310.1 1,580.90 65.7 WI Madison
Manchester-Nashua, NH M.S.A. 3.2 46.7 70.3 161.1 1,923.70 287 1,547.00 89.8 NH Manchester
Manhattan, KS M.S.A. 2 36.3 25.2 166.3 1,687.70 378.1 1,216.90 92.8 KS Manhattan
Mankato-North Mankato, MN M.S.A. 0 37.4 22.3 93.1 2,324.80 401.8 1,821.80 101.2 MN Mankato
Mansfield, OH M.S.A. 2.5 76.6 79.9 102.1 4,007.80 1,086.20 2,826.10 95.5 OH Mansfield
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX M.S.A.2 3.8 41.1 47.3 205.9 2,899.90 502.4 2,266.10 131.4 TX McAllen
Medford, OR M.S.A. 2.3 30.9 38.9 251.7 3,842.90 495 3,089.60 258.3 OR Medford
Memphis, TN-MS-AR M.S.A. 11.5 52.3 259.9 714.2 3,959.30 1,047.30 2,644.70 267.4 TN Memphis
Merced, CA M.S.A. 10.1 29.8 96.8 484.4 2,951.90 685.8 1,701.60 564.5 CA Merced
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL M.S.A. 6.6 30.9 156.8 315.8 3,285.80 536.1 2,470.00 279.7 FL Miami
Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach, FL M.D. 4.5 31 129.6 240.5 3,029.90 537.3 2,234.60 258 FL Fort Lauderdale
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall, FL M.D. 8 27.8 197.5 377 3,670.50 534.9 2,811.80 323.9 FL Miami
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach, FL M.D. 6.8 36.7 115.9 299.8 2,895.10 536.8 2,133.60 224.6 FL West Palm Beach
Michigan City-La Porte, IN M.S.A. 3.6 24.2 52.1 76.3 2,917.40 540.6 2,217.90 158.9 IN Michigan City
Midland, MI M.S.A. 2.4 66 3.6 71.9 1,108.00 206.2 881.3 20.4 MI Midland
Midland, TX M.S.A. 5.4 28.2 47.3 241.4 2,590.80 524.1 1,891.70 174.9 TX Midland
Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI M.S.A. 9.8 36.6 265.8 367.9 2,759.00 473.4 1,746.20 539.4 WI Milwaukee
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI M.S.A. 2.7 40.8 97.1 144.6 2,367.50 353.6 1,842.40 171.4 MN Minneapolis
Missoula, MT M.S.A. 3.5 82.7 26.4 312.5 3,059.00 445.4 2,475.40 138.2 MT Missoula
Mobile, AL M.S.A.5 10.6 43.9 123.4 352.8 3,670.40 828.6 2,587.00 254.8 AL Mobile
Modesto, CA M.S.A. 7.3 30 152.5 387.5 3,692.20 725.5 2,274.20 692.4 CA Modesto
Monroe, LA M.S.A.2 15.1 41.3 122.2 981.3 4,701.90 1,179.50 3,356.00 166.3 LA Monroe
Monroe, MI M.S.A. 2 69.6 30.1 134.6 1,692.60 447.9 1,154.30 90.4 MI Monroe
Montgomery, AL M.S.A. 10.5 32.3 127.9 230.1 3,426.90 928.6 2,221.00 277.4 AL Montgomery
Morgantown, WV M.S.A. 2.2 46.2 38.2 181 1,670.50 436.4 1,153.30 80.8 WV Morgantown
Morristown, TN M.S.A. 2.6 31 23.3 304.9 2,571.90 478.9 1,918.10 174.8 TN Morristown
Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA M.S.A. 2.5 29.6 41.1 104.4 3,877.70 788.2 2,877.50 212.1 WA Mount Vernon
Muskegon, MI M.S.A. 4.6 86.4 66.7 257.4 3,267.00 536.2 2,572.50 158.2 MI Muskegon
Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC M.S.A. 14.2 62.7 75.3 237.9 3,794.80 773.4 2,745.70 275.7 SC Myrtle Beach
Napa, CA M.S.A. 2.1 43.4 38.5 327.1 1,811.20 418.8 1,227.10 165.3 CA Napa
Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island, FL M.S.A. 0.6 29.7 46.7 209.8 1,347.70 264.9 1,007.30 75.5 FL Naples
Nashville-Davidson"Murfreesboro"Franklin, TN M.S.A. 5.5 48.1 128.8 430.2 2,580.20 506.7 1,929.50 144 TN Nashville
New Bern, NC M.S.A. 5.5 12.5 32.9 134 2,029.50 600.2 1,362.70 66.6 NC New Bern
New Orleans-Metairie, LA M.S.A. 16.3 47.7 168 302.5 3,030.20 532.2 2,196.40 301.6 LA New Orleans
Niles-Benton Harbor, MI M.S.A. 5.2 86.5 68.4 226 1,719.20 346.7 1,293.10 79.4 MI Niles
North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL M.S.A. 4.1 40.4 64.2 307.9 2,334.20 482.5 1,751.40 100.2 FL Sarasota
Norwich-New London, CT M.S.A. 4.1 39.2 69.4 211 2,040.00 297.6 1,631.70 110.7 CT Norwich
Ocala, FL M.S.A. 2.9 33.2 57.5 269.5 2,096.60 501.9 1,496.40 98.3 FL Ocala
Ocean City, NJ M.S.A.2 1.1 22.2 53.8 153.1 3,288.90 622.9 2,607.90 58.1 NJ Ocean
Odessa, TX M.S.A. 7.6 55.4 126.6 880.5 4,233.90 801.2 2,937.70 495.1 TX Odessa
Ogden-Clearfield, UT M.S.A.2, 3 2.3 52.1 25.5 77.6 1,682.20 145.5 UT Ogden
Oklahoma City, OK M.S.A. 6.8 52.4 107.1 295.6 3,055.90 702.3 2,048.40 305.2 OK Oklahoma City
Olympia-Tumwater, WA M.S.A. 1.1 37.4 43.7 160.3 2,902.70 648.6 2,010.90 243.2 WA Olympia
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA M.S.A.2 5.5 33.2 81.9 204.9 2,668.50 360.7 1,952.70 355.1 NE Omaha
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL M.S.A. 5.1 49.5 110.4 364.8 3,105.80 728.1 2,168.40 209.2 FL Orlando
Oshkosh-Neenah, WI M.S.A. 2.4 17.1 24.1 134.1 1,683.80 282.9 1,345.00 55.9 WI Oshkosh
Owensboro, KY M.S.A. 0 37.7 44.5 53.9 2,252.40 387.8 1,747.30 117.3 KY Owensboro
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA M.S.A. 2.8 24.5 79.8 148.6 2,028.10 353.1 1,480.60 194.3 CA Oxnard
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL M.S.A. 4.3 60 79.7 386.6 2,656.10 507 1,976.80 172.3 FL Melbourne
Panama City, FL M.S.A. 5 40.8 81.6 390.9 3,606.90 659.4 2,753.50 193.9 FL Panama City
Parkersburg-Vienna, WV M.S.A. 3.3 31.6 12 113.5 1,902.80 590.3 1,211.10 101.5 WV Parkersburg
Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL M.S.A. 5.8 49.1 89.3 362.4 2,941.30 630 2,158.60 152.7 FL Pensacola
Peoria, IL M.S.A. 4.5 44.8 93.6 215.3 2,222.70 497.1 1,653.70 72 IL Peoria
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD M.S.A.2 7.4 35.2 173.1 244.1 2,195.80 362 1,687.90 145.9 PA Philadelphia
Camden, NJ M.D.2 3.6 18.2 93.9 156.3 2,022.50 426.6 1,503.30 92.6 NJ Camden
Montgomery County-Bucks County-Chester County, PA M.D. 1.5 13.1 37 76.5 1,447.20 174.9 1,219.60 52.7 PA Montgomery
Philadelphia, PA M.D. 14.8 66.5 351.9 427.9 2,827.00 450.5 2,113.20 263.4 PA Philadelphia
Wilmington, DE-MD-NJ M.D.2 8.2 32.1 152.7 309.1 2,666.30 497.1 2,024.80 144.4 DE Wilmington
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ M.S.A. 4.5 43 103.5 237.4 2,824.20 571.6 1,984.20 268.4 AZ Phoenix
Pine Bluff, AR M.S.A 12.8 53.5 116.7 560.9 3,788.00 1,258.80 2,298.10 231.2 AR Pine Bluff
Pittsburgh, PA M.S.A. 4.7 17.6 76.4 167.6 1,782.90 321.6 1,389.00 72.3 PA Pittsburgh
Pittsfield, MA M.S.A. 3.1 55.4 42.9 358.3 2,003.60 569 1,358.90 75.7 MA Pittsfield
Pocatello, ID M.S.A. 1.2 31.1 8.4 223.6 2,665.50 465.2 2,052.00 148.3 ID Pocatello
Portland-South Portland, ME M.S.A. 0.8 24.4 35.6 73.8 1,833.70 325.8 1,448.00 60 ME Portland
Port St. Lucie, FL M.S.A. 3.1 28.6 54.2 200.3 1,840.80 338.9 1,413.50 88.3 FL Port St Lucie
Prescott, AZ M.S.A. 4.1 25.7 12.2 252 2,036.00 359.5 1,562.70 113.8 AZ Prescott
Providence-Warwick, RI-MA M.S.A. 2.2 39.1 65.3 227.2 1,876.80 385.3 1,364.10 127.4 RI Providence
Provo-Orem, UT M.S.A. 0.3 25.2 7.9 38.3 1,551.50 188.1 1,275.40 88 UT Provo
Pueblo, CO M.S.A. 8 104.9 114.7 388.2 5,190.60 1,392.10 3,174.80 623.7 CO Pueblo
Punta Gorda, FL M.S.A. 0.6 18.1 17.5 166.1 1,509.50 242.4 1,202.90 64.1 FL
Racine, WI M.S.A. 2.1 18.5 90.3 121 2,048.00 512.4 1,466.40 69.2 WI Racine
Rapid City, SD M.S.A. 6.2 104.7 50.3 314.2 2,594.30 445.8 1,948.70 199.8 SD Rapid City
Reading, PA M.S.A. 3.6 22.7 85.5 197.3 1,681.60 349.5 1,231.90 100.2 PA Reading
Redding, CA M.S.A. 2.8 68.2 100.4 605.2 3,245.50 694.5 2,096.80 454.3 CA Redding
Reno, NV M.S.A. 4.4 50.1 101.5 291.7 2,592.30 532.8 1,749.00 310.5 NV Reno
Richmond, VA M.S.A. 7.5 25.2 77.6 126.3 2,351.70 387.2 1,823.20 141.3 VA Richmond
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA M.S.A. 4.4 24.4 113.1 236.1 2,789.30 624.3 1,654.50 510.5 CA Riverside
Roanoke, VA M.S.A. 6.4 33.2 28.4 146 2,128.60 268.1 1,760.20 100.4 VA Roanoke
Rochester, MN M.S.A. 0.5 29 25.7 72.4 1,514.40 307.9 1,142.00 64.5 MN Rochester
Rochester, NY M.S.A. 3.8 44.4 82.1 150.4 2,107.60 388.3 1,609.40 109.9 NY Rochester
Rockford, IL M.S.A. 6.8 63 170.9 578.1 2,650.90 625.5 1,834.10 191.2 IL Rockford
Rocky Mount, NC M.S.A. 13.5 19.5 94.3 295.7 2,707.60 857.4 1,750.50 99.7 NC Rocky Mount
Rome, GA M.S.A. 11.4 38.5 77 223.6 3,253.60 649.1 2,395.50 209.1 GA Rome
Sacramento"Roseville"Arden-Arcade, CA M.S.A. 4.9 25.8 130.7 283.6 2,579.80 539.8 1,663.80 376.1 CA Sacramento
Saginaw, MI M.S.A. 4.1 83.6 71.2 445.6 1,973.40 545.2 1,325.10 103.2 MI Saginaw
Salem, OR M.S.A. 1.7 22.7 43 173.1 2,949.50 400.5 2,239.40 309.5 OR Salem
Salinas, CA M.S.A. 13.8 36.8 128.1 264.5 2,193.00 416.8 1,125.10 651.1 CA Salinas
Salisbury, MD-DE M.S.A. 3.3 38.9 77.5 268.8 2,870.80 657.1 2,139.70 73.9 MD Salisbury
Salt Lake City, UT M.S.A. 2.6 71.6 91.5 226.5 3,574.90 565.2 UT Salt Lake City
San Angelo, TX M.S.A. 3.3 67.5 25 233.4 3,750.20 731 2,784.10 235.1 TX San Angelo
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX M.S.A. 5.4 59 94.2 278.3 3,952.60 657.4 2,982.90 312.4 TX San Antonio
San Diego-Carlsbad, CA M.S.A. 2.5 33.3 84.9 211.1 1,922.10 325.4 1,296.60 300 CA San Diego
San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA M.S.A. 5.3 30.9 235.2 213.5 3,600.50 517.6 2,451.30 631.7 CA San Francisco
Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley, CA M.D. 6.4 29.5 239.7 215.5 3,361.80 523.4 2,119.90 718.6 CA Oakland
San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco, CA M.D. 4.1 34.7 256.4 225.5 4,259.60 524.4 3,190.40 544.9 CA San Francisco
San Rafael, CA M.D. 2.3 21.7 56.4 116.9 2,013.50 414.1 1,342.40 257.1 CA San Rafael
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA M.S.A. 2.3 29.6 80.1 139.6 2,316.70 438.9 1,406.30 471.4 CA San Jose
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande, CA M.S.A. 1.1 29.2 27.4 345.7 2,413.30 480.8 1,744.40 188.1 CA San Luis Obispo
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA M.S.A. 2.2 43.1 101.9 280.5 3,390.60 534.4 2,431.00 425.2 CA Santa Cruz
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA M.S.A. 4 43.6 64.1 210.4 2,105.00 411.5 1,455.90 237.6 CA Santa Maria
Santa Rosa, CA M.S.A. 1.8 50.8 59.5 264.6 1,973.50 347.3 1,421.50 204.6 CA Santa Rosa
Savannah, GA M.S.A. 15 22.4 157.8 205.2 3,313.80 684.2 2,283.90 345.7 GA Savannah
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA M.S.A.2 3 31.6 103.8 185.7 3,852.20 768.1 2,614.90 469.1 WA Seattle
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA M.D.2 2.7 27.8 101.1 158.4 3,865.40 732.3 2,671.50 461.7 WA Seattle
Tacoma-Lakewood, WA M.D. 4 44.4 113.1 279.5 3,806.70 891.1 2,420.80 494.8 WA Tacoma
Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL M.S.A. 1.4 24.5 27.2 212.6 2,411.00 480.3 1,828.80 101.9 FL San Sebastian
Sebring, FL M.S.A. 5.1 38.5 56.8 241.3 2,739.40 633.6 1,994.20 111.5 FL
Sheboygan, WI M.S.A. 2.6 26 16.5 129.4 1,569.70 159.7 1,363.90 46 WI
Sherman-Denison, TX M.S.A. 6.4 58.7 49.8 212.2 2,123.40 496.7 1,434.60