Assume that a company is choosing between two alternatives$$keep an existing machine or replace it with a new machine. The costs associated with the two alternatives are summarized as follows:

Existing Machine New Machine

Purchase cost $($new$)$ $ $15,000$ $ $22,000$

Remaining book value $ $6,000$

Overhaul needed now $ $5,000$

Annual cash operating costs $ $11,500$ $ $7,000$

Salvage value $($now$)$ $ $2,000$

Salvage value $($eight years from now$)$ $ $1,000$ $ $6,000$

Click here to view Exhibit $12$B$-1$ and Exhibit $12$B$-2,$ to determine the appropriate discount factor$($s$)$ using the tables provided.

If the company overhauls its existing machine, it will be usable for eight more years. If it buys the new machine, it will be used for eight years. Assuming a discount rate of $12\%,$ what is the net present value of the cash flows associated with keeping the existing machine?