Assume that the Pb data in Box 3.2 are annual maximum EMCs for 1997 through 2005. Estimate the median, 90th, and 95th percentiles:

1) nonparametrically with Eq. 3.12, (3 pts)

2) assuming a normal distribution, and (3 pts)

3) assuming a lognormal distribution. (3 pts) Estimate the two-year, 10-year, and 25-year return period EMCs assuming:

4) a normal and (3 pts)

5) lognormal distribution. (3 pts)

6) What is the longest return-period EMC than can be estimated nonparametically? (3 pts)

Question 8 (2 points) the best description of the p-value would be: O the probability of obtaining a test statistic at least that extreme if Ho is true O the probability of obtaining that exact test statistic if Ho is false the probability of obtaining that exact test statistic if HA is false the probability of obtaining that exact test statistic if HA is true O the probability of obtaining that exact test statistic if Ho is true O the probability that Ho is true O the probability that HA is true O the probability of obtaining a test statistic at least that extreme if HA is trueQuestion 6 (2 points) A(n) distribution allows one to make probability statements about individual members of a population whereas a(n) distribution allows us to make probability statements about a statisticQuestion 1 of 10 10.0 Poi What is a p-value? CA. A probability of observing a sample statistic more extreme than the one observed under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true. OB. A probability of observing a sample statistic more extreme than the one observed under the assumption that the null hypothesis is false. CC. A probability of observing a population statistic more extreme than the one observed under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true. CD. A probability of observing a population statistic more extreme than the one observed under the assumption that the null hypothesis is false. Reset SelectionThe p-yalue is _ C: the probability that the null hypothesis is false. C: the probability that the null hypothesis is true. C: the probability that the test statistic had the observed result or more extreme if the altematiye hypothesis were true. C: the probability that the test statistic had the observed result or more extreme if the null hypothesis 1were true