Assume the investor's ex-ante inflationary expectations are lower than the actual ex-post rate of inflation. What is the implication for the relationship between the ex-ante desired real rate of return and the ex-post realized real rate of return?

1. The ex-post realized real rate of return will be greater than the ex-ante desired real rate of return

2. The ex post realized real rate of return will be less than the ex-ante desired real rate of return

3. the ex-ante desired real rate of return will be equal to the ex-post realized real rate of return

4. none of the above