Astronauts increased in height by an average of approximately 40 mm (about an inch and a half) during the Apollo-Souyuz missions, due to the absence of gravity compressing their spines during their time in space. Does something similar happen here on Earth? An experiment supported by NASA measured the heights of six men immediately before going to bed, and then again after three days of bed rest. ( Styf et al. 1997 ) On average, they increased in height by 9.3 mm, with a standard deviation of 3.15mm. (These data have been modified from their original values. Also, assume the distribution of height change follows a normal distribution.) Test the hypothesis that three days of bed rest on earth increases height at a 1% level of significance.

1. State the hypotheses and the significance level . 2. Calculate the test statistic. 3. Calculate the p-value. 4. Make a statistical decision and real-world conclusion.

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